Obesity is a chronic, multidimensional problem which is being increasingly seen in younger patients. Besides obesity is becoming an epidemic in industrialized countries and is continuing to increase in developing countries worldwide. And obesity is a major health epidemic that affects millions of people worldwide.<\/p>\n
Diabetes<\/a> is a chronic disease that occurs either when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin (a hormone that regulates blood sugar) or when the body cannot effectively utilize the insulin it produces. Diabetes mellitus can be classified into two main types: type 1 (previously known as insulin-dependent) and type 2 (formerly called non-insulin-dependent or adult-onset). Type 1 diabetes was characterized by absolutely lack of the production and secretion of insulin, due to destruction of the insulin producing pancreatic \u03b2-cells. Patients with type I diabetes require daily administration of insulin. Type 2 Diabetes, which was characterized by insulin resistance and the body\u2019s inability to secrete enough insulin. 90% of diabetes cases belong to this type.<\/p>\n Obesity is associated with numerous co-morbidities and any treatment for obesity is likely to be required long term; the therapeutic window of any new pharmacotherapy must therefore be closely scrutinized before approval. The classical neurotransmitter and endocannabinoid systems are widespread within the CNS, reflecting multiple physiological roles, and manipulation of these systems carries the risk of unwanted effects. Neuropeptides can act in the CNS as neuromodulators of the classical neurotransmitter systems. Typically expressed by discrete clusters of neurons, they project diffusely throughout the CNS, and modulate postsynaptic neurons in a way that can alter their responses to classical neurotransmitters. All CNS neurons that produce neuromodulators also release classical neurotransmitters, for example, neuropeptide Y<\/a> (NPY) and galanin regulate central adrenergic transmission within the hypothalamus.<\/p>\n