At present, several treatments that have gone the furthest on the road to anti-aging, their drugs or targets have been developed for a long time. Among them, metformin is probably one of the most well-known therapies under study. The diabetes drug, which was approved in France as early as the 1950s, has also shown good therapeutic effects in other indications in recent years. Therefore, there are also many people call it \u201cmagic medicine\u201d.<\/p>\n
Interestingly, the drug, originally used to treat diabetes, is also expected to be used to combat aging. Some preclinical studies have shown that metformin can prolong the life span of experimental animals. In nematodes, this extension can reach 57%! In mammals, however, metformin has a limited lifespan of about 6% (mice) and 2% (rats). Can these results be repeated in humans? That\u2019s exactly what the researchers wanted to answer. But at least we know that the drug, which has been used for more than 60 years, has no major safety risks.<\/p>\n
Classical target <\/strong><\/p>\n Another kind of drug that develops rapidly in the\u00a0clinic is an mTOR inhibitor. In 2009, a paper published in the journal Nature showed that such drugs can prolong the lifespan of mice by 9% to 14%. It is worth mentioning that many mice only use these drugs late in their lives. It is not easy to achieve these effects.<\/p>\n Novartis launched an exploratory clinical trial nearly 10 years ago. In the trial, the researchers recruited 218 people over the age of 65 to assess whether the mTORC1 inhibitor everolimus could enhance their immune function. Studies have shown that the effect of the\u00a0influenza vaccine can be enhanced by 20 percent under the action of everolimus.<\/p>\n In a follow-up study, the researchers recruited 264 older people. This time, the volunteers were divided into groups receiving a placebo, a single drug (BEZ235 or RAD001), and a combination of two mTORC1 inhibitors (BEZ235 and RAD001). The study showed that volunteers receiving \u00a0placebo had an average of 2.4 infections a year, compared with 1.5 for those receiving combination therapy. The researchers point out that this method is expected to enhance immune capacity and reduce infection in the elderly.<\/p>\n Senescent cell<\/strong><\/p>\n Aging cells are a class of cells that have stopped growing but are able to resist apoptosis. They release a large number of inflammatory cytokines in the tissue, affecting the activity of surrounding cells. Studies have shown that aging cells are associated with a range of diseases, including cell decay syndrome, cataracts, and fat metabolism disorders.<\/p>\n It is worth mentioning that aging cells have made a lot of scientific research progress recently. In 2017, a paper in the journal Cell showed that peptide selectively clears aging cells in mice and reshapes their youth. Last month, a study in Nature showed that removing aging cells from the brains of mice helped ease cognitive decline. It can be seen that the field of aging cells is developing rapidly, and many scientific breakthroughs are expected to be transformed into innovative therapies.<\/p>\n The Blood of Youth <\/strong><\/p>\n For a long time, many people believe that there is some mysterious factor in the blood of young animals, and this factor is the key to youth. In 2005, a paper in the journal Nature expressed support for this view. A team at Stanford University School of Medicine found that connecting the circulatory system of old and young mice exposed older mice to the blood of youth \u201crejuvenated\u201d some of their progenitor cells.<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/www.creative-peptides.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/metformin.png\")
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