Timonacic is a cyclic sulfur amino acid derivative with potential antineoplastic and antioxidant activities. Timonacic may induce malignant cells to revert back to an untransformed state. It may also restore contact inhibition, a phenomenon characterized by the paracrine inhibition of mitosis following the formation of a critical cell mass, presumably the result of cell-to-cell signal transfer. Timonacic may also produce antioxidant effects secondary to its release of cysteine and restoration of glutathione concentrations.
CAT No: 10-101-123
CAS No:444-27-9
Synonyms/Alias:NSC-25855; DL-Thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid; Thiaproline; 4-Thiazolidinecarboxylic acid; Thioproline; ATC; Norgamen
Timonacic, also known as thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid, is a synthetic heterocyclic compound derived from the condensation of cysteine and formaldehyde. As a stable cyclic derivative of the naturally occurring amino acid cysteine, Timonacic is characterized by its unique thiazolidine ring structure, which imparts distinctive chemical reactivity and biological properties. Its molecular architecture makes it a valuable tool in a wide range of research and industrial applications, particularly in the fields of biochemistry, organic synthesis, and pharmaceutical development. The compound's compatibility with aqueous environments and its capacity to undergo further functionalization have contributed to its adoption in experimental protocols that require reliable and versatile sulfur-containing building blocks.
Biochemical research: Timonacic serves as a key reagent in studies investigating the role of thiol-containing compounds in biological systems. Its thiazolidine ring mimics certain features of cysteine, enabling researchers to use it as a model compound for examining redox processes, enzyme interactions, and metabolic pathways involving sulfur amino acids. By substituting cysteine with Timonacic in vitro, scientists can elucidate the mechanisms underlying protein folding, oxidative stress responses, and thiol-disulfide exchange reactions. This application is particularly valuable in the context of understanding protein structure-function relationships and the modulation of cellular redox states.
Peptide synthesis: In the field of peptide chemistry, Timonacic is employed as a protecting group for amino acids or as a precursor for the synthesis of modified peptides. Its ability to form stable cyclic structures with amino acid residues allows chemists to temporarily mask reactive thiol groups, thereby preventing unwanted side reactions during peptide chain assembly. After the desired sequence is constructed, the Timonacic moiety can be selectively removed under mild conditions, yielding peptides with free cysteine residues ready for further conjugation or functionalization. This approach enhances the efficiency and selectivity of solid-phase peptide synthesis protocols.
Organic synthesis: Thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid is widely utilized as a chiral auxiliary and intermediate in the synthesis of complex organic molecules. Its stereochemistry and functional groups facilitate the construction of enantiomerically pure compounds, which are essential in the preparation of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and specialty chemicals. Timonacic can participate in a variety of chemical transformations, including cyclizations, alkylations, and condensations, thereby expanding the repertoire of synthetic strategies available to organic chemists. Its versatility in asymmetric synthesis underscores its importance in the development of novel chemical entities.
Pharmaceutical research: As a structural analog of cysteine, Timonacic is investigated for its potential to modulate biological activity in drug discovery programs. Researchers explore its incorporation into small molecule libraries to probe structure-activity relationships and to identify lead compounds with improved stability or altered pharmacokinetic profiles. Its resistance to oxidation and enzymatic degradation can be leveraged to design molecules with enhanced shelf life and bioavailability. Additionally, Timonacic-containing derivatives are screened for their interactions with enzymes, receptors, and transporters, providing insights into the design of next-generation therapeutic agents.
Analytical chemistry: Timonacic finds utility in analytical methodologies as a standard or reference compound for the quantification of thiol-containing substances. Its well-defined chemical properties make it suitable for calibrating analytical instruments such as HPLC and mass spectrometry, ensuring accurate measurement of cysteine and related compounds in complex biological matrices. Furthermore, Timonacic can be employed as a derivatizing agent to enhance the detection sensitivity of thiol analytes, thereby facilitating the monitoring of redox status and metabolic flux in biochemical samples. Through these diverse applications, Timonacic continues to play a pivotal role in advancing research across multiple scientific disciplines, supporting innovation in both fundamental studies and applied sciences.
Two sensitive voltammetric techniques (adsorptive and catalytic cathodic stripping) are described for the determination of timonacic, in the presence of copper or nickel ions, respectively. The measured peaks which correspond to the reduction or copper (I) or nickel-timonacic complexes are measured at -773 and -782 mV, respectively. The different experimental parameters have been carefully studied. The methods have been fully validated. The detection limits were 1.5 and 13.6 ng mL-1, respectively. The methods have been applied for the determination of timonacic in pharmaceutical tablets. The obtained results have been compared statistically with those obtained from a published method.
Amin, O. A. R., Belal, S. F., & Bakry, R. (2011). Adsorptive and Catalytic Cathodic Stripping Voltammetric Determination of Timonacic. Portugaliae Electrochimica Acta, 29(2), 115-125.
1. High fat diet and GLP-1 drugs induce pancreatic injury in mice
2. Emu oil in combination with other active ingredients for treating skin imperfections
3. SERS spectrum of the peptide thymosin‐β4 obtained with Ag nanorod substrate
If you have any peptide synthesis requirement in mind, please do not hesitate to contact us at . We will endeavor to provide highly satisfying products and services.
Creative Peptides is a trusted CDMO partner specializing in high-quality peptide synthesis, conjugation, and manufacturing under strict cGMP compliance. With advanced technology platforms and a team of experienced scientists, we deliver tailored peptide solutions to support drug discovery, clinical development, and cosmetic innovation worldwide.
From custom peptide synthesis to complex peptide-drug conjugates, we provide flexible, end-to-end services designed to accelerate timelines and ensure regulatory excellence. Our commitment to quality, reliability, and innovation has made us a preferred partner across the pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and personal care industries.
Read More