Dynorphin A(1-13)

Dynorphin A(1-13), a version of dynorphin A containing only the first 13 amino acids of the peptide, in the rat spinal cord has additive effects.

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CAT No: 10-101-12

CAS No: 72957-38-1 (net)

Synonyms/Alias: dynorphin (1-13); dinorphinA (1-13); Dynorphin A; DynorphinA; Dynorphin-A; Dynorphin 1-13; Dynorphin1-13; dynorphin(1-13); 1-13-Dynorphin A; LS-63662; LS63662; LS 63662;L-tyrosyl-glycyl-glycyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-leucyl-L-arginyl-L-arginyl-L-isoleucyl-L-arginyl-L-prolyl-L-lysyl-L-leucyl-L-lysine

Chemical Name: (2S)-6-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-6-amino-2-[[(2S)-1-[(2S)-2-[[(2S,3S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[2-[[2-[[(2S)-2-amino-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]acetyl]amino]-3-phenylpropanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoyl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoyl]amino]-3-methylpentanoyl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]hexanoic acid

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Specification Technical Data Publications Customer reviews and Q&A
M.F/FormulaC75H126N24O15
M.W/Mr.1603.99
SequenceOne Letter Code: YGGFLRRIRPKLK
Three Letter Code: H-Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu-Arg-Arg-Ile-Arg-Pro-Lys-Leu-Lys-OH
Labeling TargetOpioid receptor
Areas of InterestNeurological Disease
Source#Synthetic
Solubility?20°C
InChIInChI=1S/C75H126N24O15/c1-7-45(6)61(70(111)94-53(25-17-35-87-75(83)84)71(112)99-36-18-26-58(99)69(110)93-50(21-11-13-31-76)64(105)96-56(38-44(4)5)67(108)95-54(72(113)114)22-12-14-32-77)98-65(106)52(24-16-34-86-74(81)82)91-63(104)51(23-15-33-85-73(79)80)92-66(107)55(37-43(2)3)97-68(109)57(40-46-19-9-8-10-20-46)90-60(102)42-88-59(101)41-89-62(103)49(78)39-47-27-29-48(100)30-28-47/h8-10,19-20,27-30,43-45,49-58,61,100H,7,11-18,21-26,31-42,76-78H2,1-6H3,(H,88,101)(H,89,103)(H,90,102)(H,91,104)(H,92,107)(H,93,110)(H,94,111)(H,95,108)(H,96,105)(H,97,109)(H,98,106)(H,113,114)(H4,79,80,85)(H4,81,82,86)(H4,83,84,87)/t45-,49-,50-,51-,52-,53-,54-,55-,56-,57-,58-,61-/m0/s1
InChI KeyOVVIBUHLQIYUEU-IWIISZHXSA-N
Canonical SMILESCCC(C)C(C(=O)NC(CCCN=C(N)N)C(=O)N1CCCC1C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)O)NC(=O)C(CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)C(CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC2=CC=CC=C2)NC(=O)CNC(=O)CNC(=O)C(CC3=CC=C(C=C3)O)N
Isomeric SMILESCC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC2=CC=CC=C2)NC(=O)CNC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CC3=CC=C(C=C3)O)N
BoilingPointN/A
References

Dynorphin A is an endogenous opioid peptide that preferentially activates κ opioid receptors and is antinociceptive at physiological concentrations. Levels of dynorphin A and a major metabolite, dynorphin A (1-13), increase significantly following spinal cord trauma and reportedly contribute to neurodegeneration associated with secondary injury. Interestingly, both κ opioid and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists can modulate dynorphin toxicity, suggesting that dynorphin is acting (directly or indirectly) through κ opioid and/or NMDA receptor (NMDAR) types. Despite these findings, few studies have systematically explored dynorphin toxicity at the cellular level in defined populations of neurons co-expressing κ opioid and NMDA receptors.

Hauser, K. F., Foldes, J. K., & Turbek, C. S. (1999). Dynorphin A (1–13) neurotoxicity in vitro: opioid and non-opioid mechanisms in mouse spinal cord neurons. Experimental neurology, 160(2), 361-375.

We describe the opioid properties of a tridecapeptide, the sequence of which corresponds to the NH2-terminal sequence of dynorphin, a novel porcine pituitary endorphin. It contains [Leu]enkephalin. In the guinea pig ileum longitudinal muscle preparation it is about 700 times more potent than [Leu]enkephalin. Its effects in this tissue are blocked completely by naloxone, but the apparent affinity of naloxone is 1/13th that for blockade of [Leu]enkephalin or normorphine. In the mouse vas deferens, this peptide is 3 times more potent than [Leu]enkephalin. Well-washed rat brain membranes degrade the peptide rapidly, suggesting the presence of a membrane-bound degradative enzyme. The peptide displays considerable immunoreactivity in assays with antisera that have been used for the immunohistochemical localization of [Leu]enkephalin. The remarkable enhancement of the potency of [Leu]enkephalin by the COOH-terminal extension -Arg-Arg-Ile-Arg-Pro-Lys-Leu-Lys-OH suggests new interpretations concerning the structure of opiate receptors and the function of the enkephalin pentapeptides.

Goldstein, A., Tachibana, S., Lowney, L. I., Hunkapiller, M., & Hood, L. (1979). Dynorphin-(1-13), an extraordinarily potent opioid peptide. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 76(12), 6666-6670.

Melting PointN/A

1. Identification, Localization in the Central Nervous System and Novel Myostimulatory Effect of Allatostatins in Tenebrio molitor Beetle

2. Genetic, cellular, and structural characterization of the membrane potential-dependent cell-penetrating peptide translocation pore

3. C-Peptide replacement therapy and sensory nerve function in type 1 diabetic neuropathy

4. Extended exenatide administration enhances lipid metabolism and exacerbates pancreatic injury in mice on a high fat, high carbohydrate diet

5. High fat diet and GLP-1 drugs induce pancreatic injury in mice

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