Secretin stimulates the secretion of bicarbonate by the pancreas and inhibits the gastrin and acid production in the stomach. It also potentiates the release of digestive enzymes from the pancreas triggered by cholecystokinin.
CAT No: 10-101-29
CAS No:108153-74-8 (net)
Synonyms/Alias:RG 1068; RG1068; RG-1068; Secretin
Secretin (human) Hydrochloride is a synthetic peptide that mirrors the structure and function of endogenous human secretin, a gastrointestinal hormone primarily involved in regulating the pH and enzymatic activity of the digestive tract. As a highly pure peptide compound, Secretin (human) Hydrochloride offers exceptional stability and solubility, making it suitable for a range of experimental and research applications. Its ability to activate the secretin receptor, a member of the class B G protein-coupled receptor family, allows for the precise study of signal transduction pathways and downstream physiological effects. Researchers value this compound for its consistent bioactivity and compatibility with in vitro and in vivo systems, enabling the exploration of complex biological mechanisms related to gastrointestinal physiology, neurobiology, and cellular communication.
Gastrointestinal Physiology Research: Secretin (human) Hydrochloride is extensively employed in studies investigating the mechanisms of gastric acid regulation and pancreatic secretion. By binding to specific receptors on the surface of pancreatic and biliary ductal cells, it stimulates the secretion of bicarbonate-rich fluids, which are critical for neutralizing gastric acid and facilitating digestion. Researchers utilize this peptide to dissect the intricate feedback loops between the stomach, pancreas, and duodenum, advancing our understanding of digestive homeostasis and the hormonal regulation of gastrointestinal function. Its application in organ bath studies, isolated tissue assays, and animal models has provided valuable insights into the physiological roles of secretin in health and disease.
Neurobiology and Brain-Gut Axis Exploration: The role of secretin in the central nervous system and its influence on the brain-gut axis has garnered significant scientific interest. Secretin (human) Hydrochloride serves as a tool to probe the peptide's neuromodulatory effects, particularly its impact on neuronal signaling, synaptic plasticity, and neurotransmitter release. Experimental models have demonstrated that secretin receptors are expressed in various brain regions, suggesting potential involvement in behavioral regulation, stress response, and neurodevelopmental processes. The compound enables researchers to delineate these pathways and explore the molecular mechanisms underlying secretin's actions beyond the gastrointestinal tract.
Cell Signaling and Receptor Pharmacology: Secretin (human) Hydrochloride is instrumental in the characterization of secretin receptors and the elucidation of associated intracellular signaling cascades. By acting as a selective agonist, it facilitates studies on receptor-ligand interactions, G protein coupling, and second messenger formation, such as cyclic AMP production. This research is pivotal for drug discovery efforts targeting the secretin receptor family, as well as for understanding receptor desensitization, internalization, and downstream gene expression. The compound's well-defined activity profile makes it a preferred choice for high-throughput screening assays and detailed pharmacological analyses.
Endocrine Regulation and Hormonal Crosstalk: The interplay between secretin and other gut hormones, such as cholecystokinin and gastrin, is a key area of investigation in endocrine physiology. Secretin (human) Hydrochloride enables the study of hormonal crosstalk, synergistic effects, and feedback regulation within the enteroendocrine system. Researchers utilize the compound to examine how secretin modulates hormone release, influences nutrient absorption, and orchestrates the integrated response of the digestive system to food intake. These studies contribute to a deeper understanding of metabolic regulation and the adaptive mechanisms that maintain homeostasis in response to dietary challenges.
Pharmaceutical and Biotechnological Development: The unique properties of Secretin (human) Hydrochloride have spurred its use in the development of novel peptide-based therapies and diagnostic tools. In pharmaceutical research, the compound is applied to screen for new modulators of secretin signaling and to optimize peptide delivery systems. Its stability and bioactivity also support its incorporation into biotechnological platforms for the production of recombinant proteins or the engineering of cell lines with enhanced secretin responsiveness. These applications highlight the compound's versatility and its value as a foundational tool in translational research and product innovation.
Gastric acid secretion is under nervous and hormonal control. Gastrin, the major circulating stimulus of acid secretion, probably does not stimulate the parietal cells directly but acts to mobilize histamine from the ECL cells in the oxyntic mucosa. Histamine stimulates the parietal cells to secrete HCl. The gastrin-ECL cell pathway has been investigated extensively in situ (gastric submucosal microdialysis), in vitro (isolated ECL cells) and in vivo (intact animals). Gastrin acts on CCK2 receptors to control the synthesis of ECL-cell histamine, accelerating the expression of the histamine-forming enzyme histidine decarboxylase (HDC) at both the transcription and the translation/posttranslation levels. Depletion of histamine by alpha-fluoromethylhistidine (an irreversible inhibitor of HDC) prevents gastrin-induced but not histamine-induced gastric acid secretion. Acute CCK2 receptor blockade inhibits gastrin-evoked but not histamine-induced acid secretion. Studies both in vivo/in situ and in vitro have suggested that while acetylcholine seems capable of activating parietal cells, it does not affect histamine secretion from ECL cells. Unlike acetylcholine, the neuropeptides pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide and vasoactive intestinal peptide mobilize ECL-cell histamine. Whether vagally stimulated acid secretion reflects an effect of the enteric nervous system on the ECL cells (neuropeptides) and/or a direct one on the parietal cells needs to be further investigated.
Lindström, E., Chen, D., Norlén, P., Andersson, K., & Håkanson, R. (2001). Control of gastric acid secretion: the gastrin-ECL cell-parietal cell axis. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, 128(3), 503-511.
Our understanding of secretin and pancreatic secretions has developed. However, the salient findings of Bayliss and Starling concerning secretin have stood the test of time. Thus secretin is recognized as the key pathway mediating a now classical negative feedback reflex. Acidic chyme, emptying from the stomach, stimulates upper small intestinal mucosal S cells to release secretin. Secretin stimulates the flow of a bicarbonate-rich pancreatic secretion which empties into the duodenum, thus neutralizing the acid chime and removing the stimulus for secretin release. Of wider significance, the concept of hormonal regulation and the definition of a hormone basically remain to this day as originally outlined in Starling's Croonian Lectures.
Hirst, B. H. (2004). Secretin and the exposition of hormonal control. The Journal of physiology, 560(2), 339-339.
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