Gonadorelin Hydrochloride is a synthetic peptide corresponding to a hypothalamic hormone also known as LHRH or GnRH. As a single dose it stimulates the release of LH and FSH from the anterior pituitary, whereas continuous administration results in downregulation of LH and FSH levels followed by suppression of ovarian and testicular steroid biosynthesis.
CAT No: 10-101-86
CAS No:33515-09-2 (net), 51952-41-1 (hydrochloride)
Synonyms/Alias:Gonadotropin-releasing hormone; Luteinizing hormone-releasing factor; Fertagyl; Gonadoliberin; Hypocrine; Lutrefact; Relefact; Gonadorelin hydrochloride; Gonadorelin HCl; Factrel; 5-Oxo-L-prolyl-L-histidyl-L-tryptophyl-L-seryl-L-tyrosylglycyl-L-leucyl-L-arginyl-L-prolylglycinamide hydrochloride; L-pyroglutamyl-L-histidyl-L-tryptophyl-L-seryl-L-tyrosyl-glycyl-L-leucyl-L-arginyl-L-prolyl-glycinamide hydrochloride
Chemical Name:(2S)-N-[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[[2-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-[(2S)-2-[(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)carbamoyl]pyrrolidin-1-yl]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxamide;hydrochloride
Gonadorelin Hydrochloride, also known as gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) hydrochloride, is a synthetic decapeptide that mimics the action of endogenous GnRH. This compound is widely utilized in scientific research due to its precise ability to regulate the release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the anterior pituitary gland. The molecular structure of Gonadorelin Hydrochloride allows for high affinity binding to GnRH receptors, making it a valuable tool for studying the intricacies of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. Its stability in aqueous solutions and compatibility with a variety of assay systems further enhance its utility in both in vitro and in vivo experimental designs. Researchers benefit from its predictable pharmacological profile, which enables reproducible results across diverse investigative settings.
Endocrine Research: In the context of endocrine studies, Gonadorelin Hydrochloride serves as an essential agent for elucidating the mechanisms underlying hormonal regulation within the mammalian reproductive system. By administering this peptide to experimental models, scientists can induce a controlled release of LH and FSH, allowing for the examination of downstream effects on gonadal function. This application is particularly significant for dissecting feedback loops and signal transduction pathways involved in hormone synthesis and secretion, thereby advancing the understanding of reproductive endocrinology.
Reproductive Biology: Within reproductive biology, GnRH hydrochloride is employed to investigate gametogenesis and reproductive cycle regulation. Its use in animal models enables researchers to synchronize ovulation or spermatogenesis, facilitating studies on fertility, embryogenesis, and gonadal development. By manipulating the timing and dosage of administration, investigators can simulate physiological or pathological conditions, providing insights into the factors that govern reproductive success and failure.
Neuroendocrinology: The study of neuroendocrine interactions greatly benefits from the application of Gonadorelin Hydrochloride. As a central regulator of the HPG axis, it is instrumental in exploring how neural signals influence hormonal output. Researchers utilize this peptide to assess the impact of neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, and external stimuli on GnRH neuron activity and subsequent pituitary responses. These investigations contribute to a deeper comprehension of how the brain integrates environmental and physiological cues to modulate reproductive function.
Pharmacological Screening: Gonadorelin Hydrochloride is a valuable compound in the screening and characterization of GnRH receptor agonists and antagonists. By providing a well-defined agonist response, it serves as a reference standard in binding assays, functional studies, and drug discovery platforms. This application supports the identification of novel compounds with potential to modulate GnRH signaling, which is critical for the development of future research tools and therapeutic candidates targeting reproductive hormone pathways.
Veterinary and Comparative Physiology: In the field of veterinary science and comparative physiology, GnRH analogs such as Gonadorelin Hydrochloride are used to study reproductive processes across different species. Its administration allows for the assessment of interspecies variations in pituitary-gonadal responsiveness, contributing to the broader understanding of evolutionary adaptations in reproductive strategies. These insights are invaluable for animal breeding research, population management, and the conservation of endangered species.
Overall, Gonadorelin Hydrochloride remains a cornerstone reagent for advancing research in endocrinology, reproductive biology, neuroendocrinology, pharmacology, and comparative physiology. Its robust activity, reproducibility, and versatility ensure that it continues to support high-impact scientific investigations aimed at unraveling the complexities of hormonal regulation and reproductive health.
Recently a patient with severe hypogonadotropic hypogonadism who was given luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (Factrel) through an infusion pump developed a wheat-and-flare reaction at the sites of injection. Treatment with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone was discontinued and the immune response was characterized. Skin testing by skin prick test was positive for luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone but negative for vehicle. Radioallergosorbent testing was performed with allergic (patient serum with an elevated serum immunoglobulin E concentration and allergic to inhalant allergens including ragweed pollen) and nonallergic controls. Radioallergosorbent testing was negative for luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone-reactive immunoglobulin E antibodies. Radioimmunoassay of serum of the allergic patient antibody to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone was positive only for immunoglobulin E. Maximum binding occurred at a dilution of 1:10. Sera from nonallergic and unchallenged patients were negative. It is concluded that this patient developed hypersensitivity reactions caused by IgE antibody to luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone.
Foster, W. G., Jarrell, J. F., Dolovich, J., & YoungLai, E. V. (1989). Immunoglobulin-mediated hypersensitivity in response to long-term treatment with gonadorelin hydrochloride (Factrel) in a female patient. American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 160(4), 979-983.
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