Peptide YY (3-36) (human) Acetate

The gut hormone peptide YY (3-36) is a 36-amino acid peptide secreted from L-cells in the intestinal mucosa of the ileum and large intestine in proportion to caloric intake.

Designed for biological research and industrial applications, not intended for individual clinical or medical purposes.

CAT No: 10-101-96

CAS No:123583-37-9 (net)

Synonyms/Alias:PYY (3-36); Peptide YY; C16118; PYY3-36

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M.F/Formula
C180H279N53O54
M.W/Mr.
4049.52
Sequence
Ile-Lys-Pro-Glu-Ala-Pro-Gly-Glu-Asp-Ala-Ser-Pro-Glu-Glu-Leu-Asn-Arg-Tyr-Tyr-Ala-Ser-Leu-Arg-His-Tyr-Leu-Asn-Leu-Val-Thr-Arg-Gln-Arg-Tyr-NH2
Labeling Target
Neuropeptide Y Receptor
Application
PYY (3-36) plays an important role in the regulation of appetite control. It is assumed that this effect is mediated through Y2 receptors in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC), a brain area responsible for the regulation of food intake. PYY (3-36) may represent a promising tool for the treatment of obesity.
Areas of Interest
Metabolic Disease

Peptide YY (3-36) (human) Acetate is a synthetic fragment of the naturally occurring human peptide YY, a gut-derived hormone belonging to the pancreatic polypeptide family. As a truncated form, it is distinguished by its sequence beginning at the third amino acid, which imparts unique biological properties compared to the full-length peptide. This compound is widely recognized for its ability to interact selectively with specific Y receptors, particularly Y2, making it a valuable tool in the exploration of appetite regulation and energy homeostasis. Its stability as an acetate salt further enhances its utility in laboratory settings, ensuring consistent performance in a range of experimental protocols. Researchers benefit from its high sequence fidelity and predictable activity profile, which facilitate reproducible results in both in vitro and in vivo studies. By leveraging the biological actions of Peptide YY (3-36), scientists can gain deeper insights into the complex interplay between the gut and the central nervous system, especially in the context of metabolic and neuroendocrine research.

Appetite Regulation Studies: Peptide YY (3-36) (human) Acetate is extensively employed in investigations aimed at elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying appetite suppression and satiety signaling. Through its high affinity for the Y2 receptor, this peptide fragment effectively inhibits food intake in various experimental models, providing a robust platform for dissecting the pathways that govern feeding behavior. Its use enables researchers to delineate the downstream signaling cascades activated upon receptor binding, thereby identifying potential molecular targets for modulating energy balance. By administering this compound in controlled settings, scientists can observe changes in neuronal activity, hormone secretion, and behavioral responses, all of which contribute to a comprehensive understanding of appetite regulation.

Obesity and Metabolic Disorder Research: In the context of obesity and metabolic syndrome, Peptide YY (3-36) is leveraged to study the physiological and biochemical changes associated with altered energy homeostasis. Its ability to modulate appetite and influence metabolic rate makes it an invaluable asset for modeling disease states and testing the efficacy of novel therapeutic interventions. Investigators utilize this peptide to simulate the effects of endogenous satiety hormones, thereby assessing the impact of Y2 receptor activation on weight gain, glucose metabolism, and lipid profiles. Such research is instrumental in uncovering the mechanisms that drive metabolic dysregulation and in identifying strategies to restore balance in affected individuals.

Gut-Brain Axis Exploration: The acetate form of Peptide YY (3-36) is a key reagent in studies examining the bidirectional communication between the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system. By tracking its effects on neuronal circuits and neurotransmitter release, researchers can map the influence of gut-derived signals on mood, cognition, and stress responses. This work sheds light on the broader implications of peptide signaling in neurogastroenterology, including the development of functional gastrointestinal disorders and the interplay between diet, microbiota, and brain function. The peptide's selective receptor activity allows for precise manipulation of signaling pathways, fostering a deeper understanding of gut-brain interactions.

Nutrient Sensing and Digestive Physiology: Scientists also utilize this peptide fragment to probe the role of nutrient sensing in digestive processes. By administering it in conjunction with various dietary components, researchers can monitor changes in gastrointestinal motility, hormone release, and nutrient absorption. These studies reveal how the gut adapts to different nutritional states and how peptide signals contribute to the regulation of digestive efficiency. Insights gained from such experiments inform the design of targeted nutritional interventions and enhance our knowledge of the physiological mechanisms that maintain energy balance.

Endocrine Signaling Pathway Analysis: The application of Peptide YY (3-36) (human) Acetate extends to the investigation of endocrine signaling networks, particularly those involving peptide hormones and their receptors. By integrating this compound into cell-based assays and animal models, researchers can assess the specificity and potency of receptor-ligand interactions, map intracellular signaling events, and evaluate the cross-talk between different hormonal systems. These studies are critical for advancing our understanding of hormone action in health and disease and for identifying novel points of intervention in metabolic and neuroendocrine disorders. The versatility and well-characterized activity of this peptide make it a preferred choice for unraveling the complexities of endocrine regulation in diverse biological contexts.

Source#
Synthetic
Solubility
−20°C
BoilingPoint
N/A
References

The gut hormone peptide YY (PYY) belongs to the pancreatic polypeptide (PP) family along with PP and neuropeptide Y (NPY). These peptides mediate their effects through the NPY receptors of which there are several subtypes (Y1, Y2, Y4, and Y5). The L cells of the gastrointestinal tract are the major source of PYY, which exists in two endogenous forms: PYY(1-36) and PYY(3-36). The latter is produced by the action of the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV). PYY(1-36) binds to and activates at least three Y receptor subtypes (Y1, Y2, and Y5), whereas PYY(3-36) is more selective for Y2 receptor (Y2R). The hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, a key brain area regulating appetite, has access to nutrients and hormones within the peripheral circulation.

Batterham, R. L., & Bloom, S. R. (2003). The gut hormone peptide YY regulates appetite. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 994(1), 162-168.

Melting Point
N/A

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