Atomoxetine Hydrochloride

Atomoxetine (brand name Strattera) is a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor approved for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).This compound is manufactured, marketed, and sold in the United States as the hydrochloride salt (atomoxetine HCl) under the brand name Strattera.

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CAT No: 10-101-111

CAS No: 82248-59-7

Synonyms/Alias: LY-135252; LY-139602; LY-139603; Tomoxetine Hydrochloride; (R)-(-)-N-Methyl-3-(o-tolyloxy)-3-phenylpropylamine · HCl; (R)-(-)-N-Methyl-γ-(2-methylphenoxy)-benzenepropanamine · HCl

Chemical Name: (3R)-N-methyl-3-(2-methylphenoxy)-3-phenylpropan-1-amine;hydrochloride

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M.F/FormulaC17H21NO · HCl
M.W/Mr.291.82
Labeling TargetNorepinephrine (NE) transporter;
5-HT;
DA transporters
ApplicationAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
AppearanceSolid powder
Purity>98% (or refer to the Certificate of Analysis)
ActivityInhibitor
Areas of InterestNeurological Disease
Source#Synthetic
Long-term Storage ConditionsSoluble in DMSO, not in water
Shipping ConditionShipped under ambient temperature as non-hazardous chemical. This product is stable enough for a few weeks during ordinary shipping and time spent in Customs.
Short-term Storage ConditionsDry, dark and at 0 - 4 °C
Solubility-20 °C
Formatneat
InChIInChI=1S/C17H21NO.ClH/c1-14-8-6-7-11-16(14)19-17(12-13-18-2)15-9-4-3-5-10-15;/h3-11,17-18H,12-13H2,1-2H3;1H/t17-;/m1./s1
InChI KeyLUCXVPAZUDVVBT-UNTBIKODSA-N
Canonical SMILESCC1=CC=CC=C1OC(CCNC)C2=CC=CC=C2.Cl
Isomeric SMILESCC1=CC=CC=C1O[C@H](CCNC)C2=CC=CC=C2.Cl
BoilingPoint389ºC at 760 mmHg
ShelfLife>2 years if stored properly
References

In the studies reported here, the ability of atomoxetine hydrochloride (Strattera) to inhibit or induce the metabolic capabilities of selected human isoforms of cytochrome P450 was evaluated. Initially, the potential of atomoxetine and its two metabolites, N-desmethylatomoxetine and 4-hydroxyatomoxetine, to inhibit the metabolism of probe substrates for CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, and CYP3A was evaluated in human hepatic microsomes. Although little inhibition of CYP1A2 and CYP2C9 activity was observed, inhibition was predicted for CYP3A (56% predicted inhibition) and CYP2D6 (60% predicted inhibition) at concentrations representative of high therapeutic doses of atomoxetine. The ability of atomoxetine to induce the catalytic activities of CYP1A2 and CYP3A in human hepatocytes was also evaluated; however, atomoxetine did not induce either isoenzyme. Based on the potential of interaction from the in vitro experiments, drug interaction studies in healthy subjects were conducted using probe substrates for CYP2D6 (desipramine) in CYP2D6 extensive metabolizer subjects and CYP3A (midazolam) in CYP2D6 poor metabolizer subjects. Single-dose pharmacokinetic parameters of desipramine (single dose of 50 mg) were not altered when coadministered with atomoxetine (40 or 60 mg b.i.d. for 13 days). Only modest changes (approximately 16%) were observed in the plasma pharmacokinetics of midazolam (single dose of 5 mg) when coadministered with atomoxetine (60 mg b.i.d. for 12 days). Although at high therapeutic doses of atomoxetine inhibition of CYP2D6 and CYP3A was predicted, definitive in vivo studies clearly indicate that atomoxetine administration with substrates of CYP2D6 and CYP3A does not result in clinically significant drug interactions.

Sauer J M, Long A J, Ring B, et al. Atomoxetine hydrochloride: clinical drug-drug interaction prediction and outcome[J]. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 2004, 308(2): 410-418.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) occurs in approximately 3% to 10% of the pediatric population. Most of the drugs typically used to treat ADHD are stimulants, which, because of their addictive properties and potential for abuse, are controlled substances. Although these drugs are the mainstay of treatment for ADHD, nearly one third of patients may not respond to or be able to tolerate them. Atomoxetine hydrochloride, a nonstimulant approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of ADHD, may provide an alternative to the use of stimulants.

Caballero J, Nahata M C. Atomoxetine hydrochloride for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder[J]. Clinical therapeutics, 2003, 25(12): 3065-3083.

Melting Point167-169ºC
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