γ-Glu-Ala is a dipeptide composed of gamma-glutamate and alanine and is a proteolytic breakdown product of larger proteins. It belongs to the family of N-acyl-alpha amino acids and derivatives, which formed an amide bond with the nitrogen of L-alanine at the γ carboxylic acid moiety of glutamate. γ-Glu-Ala is the natural substrate of CRF21 (γ-Glutamylcyclotransferase, GGCT).
CAT No: 10-101-278
CAS No:5875-41-2
Synonyms/Alias:5875-41-2;H-GAMMA-GLU-ALA-OH;gamma-Glu-Ala;gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-alanine;gamma-Glutamylalanine;5-L-Glutamyl-L-alanine;g-Glu-Ala;H-Glu(Ala-OH)-OH;L-gamma-glutamyl-L-alanine;(2S)-2-Amino-5-[[(1S)-1-carboxyethyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoic acid;(S)-2-Amino-5-(((S)-1-carboxyethyl)amino)-5-oxopentanoic acid;gamma-Gln-ala;(2S)-2-amino-4-{[(1S)-1-carboxyethyl]carbamoyl}butanoic acid;g-Glutamylalanine;5-L-glutamylalanine;MFCD00037215;L-gamma-Glu-L-Ala;gamma-Glutamyl-alanine;H--Glu-Ala-OH;g-L-Glutamyl-L-alanine;H-GLU(ALA)-OH;N-L-gamma-glutamyl-L-alanine;SCHEMBL3707747;CHEBI:50619;DTXSID80974270;L-Alanine, N-L-gamma-glutamyl-;gamma-L-Glutamyl-L-alanine, 98%;AS-83087;DA-74123;HY-112171;CS-0043596;5-[(1-Carboxyethyl)imino]-5-hydroxynorvaline;E85624;Q27122149;
γ-Glu-Ala, also known as gamma-glutamyl-alanine, is a naturally occurring dipeptide composed of glutamic acid and alanine linked via a gamma-peptide bond. This compound is recognized for its stability and unique structural properties, which make it a valuable tool in various biochemical and physiological investigations. Its ability to mimic endogenous gamma-glutamyl peptides allows researchers to study specific metabolic pathways and enzymatic reactions with precision. Due to its compatibility with a range of analytical techniques, γ-Glu-Ala is frequently chosen for in vitro and in vivo studies aimed at elucidating the roles of gamma-glutamyl transferases and related enzymes in cellular processes. The dipeptide's solubility and reactivity further enhance its versatility, enabling its integration into experimental designs that explore amino acid transport, enzymatic activity, and peptide metabolism.
Enzyme substrate studies: γ-Glu-Ala serves as a model substrate for gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) activity assays. By incorporating this dipeptide into enzymatic reaction systems, scientists can monitor the catalytic efficiency and substrate specificity of GGTs under various physiological and pathological conditions. This application is critical for advancing the understanding of glutathione metabolism and the detoxification processes in tissues where GGT plays a pivotal role. The use of γ-Glu-Ala in these studies enables the assessment of enzyme kinetics and the identification of potential inhibitors or modulators, thereby contributing to the development of targeted research tools in biochemistry.
Amino acid transport research: In the context of cellular transport mechanisms, gamma-glutamyl-alanine is utilized to investigate the gamma-glutamyl cycle, particularly the translocation of amino acids across cellular membranes. Researchers employ this dipeptide to trace the movement of amino acid conjugates and to dissect the function of transport proteins involved in nutrient uptake and homeostasis. Its structural similarity to endogenous transport substrates provides a reliable means to analyze the regulation of amino acid availability and the impact of transport dysfunctions in metabolic disorders.
Peptide metabolism analysis: As a representative gamma-glutamyl peptide, γ-Glu-Ala is instrumental in examining peptide degradation pathways and the activity of peptidases such as gamma-glutamyl cyclotransferase. By tracking the breakdown and transformation of this compound in biological samples, investigators can map the metabolic fate of gamma-glutamyl peptides and gain insight into the control mechanisms governing peptide turnover. This information is essential for understanding cellular responses to oxidative stress and the maintenance of redox balance.
Biomarker discovery: The application of gamma-glutamyl-alanine extends to biomarker research, where its presence and concentration in biological fluids are analyzed as indicators of metabolic state or disease progression. By quantifying γ-Glu-Ala levels using advanced analytical platforms, scientists can correlate fluctuations with specific physiological or pathological events, providing valuable data for preclinical research and systems biology studies. This approach supports the identification of novel diagnostic and prognostic markers in the context of amino acid metabolism.
Analytical method development: In analytical chemistry, γ-Glu-Ala is frequently used as a standard or reference compound for the calibration and validation of chromatographic and spectrometric methods. Its well-defined chemical properties make it suitable for optimizing sample preparation protocols and evaluating instrument performance in the detection of small peptides. The use of this dipeptide enhances the reliability and reproducibility of quantitative analyses, which is essential for high-throughput screening and quality control in research laboratories. The versatility and scientific relevance of gamma-glutamyl-alanine underscore its importance as a multifaceted reagent in biochemical, physiological, and analytical investigations, supporting advancements across diverse areas of life science research.
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