Peptide YY (PYY), a novel 36 amino-acid amidated hormone is a component of the complex neuroendocrine control process. This gut hormone (3-36), when infused into subjects, has been shown to reduce food intake in normal-weight and obese individuals. PYY (3-36) infusion also reduces the plasma levels of the hunger-promoting hormone ghrelin. PYY (3-36) levels have been shown to drop pre-meal and then increase post-prandially. In circulation, PYY (3-36) exists in at least two molecular forms: (1-36) and (3-36). PYY (3-36) selectively binds to Y2 receptors, and it has been found in human intestine and circulating blood.  >> Read More

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The gut hormone peptide YY (PYY) belongs to the pancreatic polypeptide (PP) family along with PP and neuropeptide Y (NPY). These peptides mediate their effects through the NPY receptors of which there are several subtypes (Y1, Y2, Y4, and Y5). The L cells of the gastrointestinal tract are the major source of PYY, which exists in two endogenous forms: PYY(1-36) and PYY(3-36). The latter is produced by the action of the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV). PYY(1-36) binds to and activates at least three Y receptor subtypes (Y1, Y2, and Y5), whereas PYY(3-36) is more selective for Y2 receptor (Y2R). The hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, a key brain area regulating appetite, has access to nutrients and hormones within the peripheral circulation.

Batterham, R. L., & Bloom, S. R. (2003). The gut hormone peptide YY regulates appetite. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 994(1), 162-168.