Delta-Sleep Inducing Peptide (DSIP) and Analogs

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Introduction

Delta sleep inducing peptide (DSIP) is a sleep-promoting substance found in animals. It was isolated by Monnier in 1963 from cerebral venous blood stimulated by micro-currents by extracorporeal hemodialysis. DSIP is composed of 9 amino acids of Trp-Ala-Gly-Gly-Asp-Ala-Ser-Gly-Glu and is a nonapeptide having a molecular weight of 848.98 u.

Mechanism of action

Studies have shown that DSIP produces sleep-promoting effects by affecting the release of serotonin and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain. Studies have also shown that endogenous DSIP is involved in the regulation of many peptide hormones: it inhibits the secretion of thyroid stimulating hormone, somatostatin, and stimulates the secretion of luteinizing hormone, growth hormone, and growth hormone releasing hormone. DSIP has the property of lowering body temperature, dilating blood vessels, and blood pressure is reduced in people with high blood pressure or mice receiving DSIP. The DSIP has the effect of adjusting the circadian rhythm. DSIP can also produce analgesic effects by enhancing the action of enkephalins and opioid receptors. DSIP is resistant to alcohol and opium and inhibits dependence on alcohol and opium. In addition, DSIP has an anticonvulsive effect.

Application of Delta-Sleep Inducing Peptide (DSIP) and Analogs

The study found that intraperitoneal injection of DSIP can inhibit the symptoms of epilepsy induced by cats and is not blocked by naloxone. Intravenous injection of DSIP can significantly improve cardiac dysfunction caused by painful stimulation in rabbits, inhibiting ventricular ectopic pulsation caused by emotional stress, and regulate arrhythmia. DSIP has activity against hyperbaric oxygen and activity against toxic cerebral edema. The study of synthetic sleep peptide DSIP not only helps to understand the mechanism of sleep but also contributes a new sleep-inducing drug to patients with sleep disorders, which has broad clinical application prospects. In addition, DSIP is higher in Alzheimer’s patients. DSIP has some inhibition of alcohol dependence and cancer effects. DSIP and its analogs can alleviate narcolepsy.

References

1. Kovalzon, V. M., & Strekalova, T. V. (2006). Delta sleep-inducing peptide (dsip): a still unresolved riddle. Journal of Neurochemistry, 97(2), 7.
2. Bobyntsev, I. I., Kryukov, A. A., Belykh, A. E., & Dudka, V. T. (2016). Effect of delta sleep-inducing peptide on functional state of hepatocytes in rats during restraint stress. Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, 160(4), 421-424.