His-Pro is a dipeptide consisting of histidyl and proline.
CAT No: R1424
CAS No:20930-58-9
Synonyms/Alias:Histidylproline;His-pro;20930-58-9;L-histidyl-L-proline;histidyl-proline;(2S)-1-[(2S)-2-amino-3-(1H-imidazol-5-yl)propanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid;H-His-Pro-OH;Histidinyl-Proline;Histidinylproline;HP dipeptide;histidine-proline;H-P Dipeptide;L-His-L-Pro;L-Histidinyl-L-Proline;Histidine Proline dipeptide;Histidine-Proline dipeptide;L-Proline, 1-L-histidyl-;SCHEMBL4595209;SCHEMBL26625862;CHEBI:74055;DTXSID50943211;LNCFUHAPNTYMJB-IUCAKERBSA-N;GLXC-25056;DB-230520;HY-111659;CS-0089268;Q27144368;H-P;
His-Pro, also known as Histidyl-Proline, is a dipeptide composed of the amino acids histidine and proline linked through a peptide bond. As a member of the dipeptide class, it exhibits unique biochemical properties derived from the interplay of its constituent residues. The presence of the imidazole side chain from histidine and the pyrrolidine ring from proline imparts distinct conformational and chemical characteristics, making it of interest in peptide research and functional studies. Its structural simplicity, combined with the functional relevance of both amino acids, positions it as a valuable tool for investigating peptide structure-activity relationships, enzymatic processing, and metabolic pathways in biochemical research.
Peptide structure-function analysis: In the context of peptide research, His-Pro serves as a model dipeptide for elucidating the influence of amino acid sequence on peptide conformation and biological activity. Its combination of a basic, aromatic residue (histidine) and a cyclic, conformationally restricted residue (proline) enables researchers to probe the effects of side chain interactions and backbone rigidity on peptide folding and stability. Studies utilizing this dipeptide contribute to a deeper understanding of how sequence variations impact the physicochemical properties and functional roles of peptides in biological systems.
Enzymatic substrate studies: The dipeptide is frequently used as a substrate in enzymology, particularly for examining the specificity and catalytic mechanisms of dipeptidases and peptidyl-prolyl isomerases. Its defined structure allows for precise kinetic measurements and mechanistic analyses, facilitating the characterization of enzyme-substrate recognition and turnover. This application is crucial for mapping enzyme active sites, optimizing assay conditions, and screening for potential enzyme inhibitors within the context of peptide metabolism.
Peptide synthesis validation: In synthetic peptide chemistry, His-Pro is employed as a standard to assess the efficiency and fidelity of peptide bond formation, especially in solid-phase peptide synthesis protocols. Its synthesis and subsequent characterization by chromatographic or spectroscopic methods provide benchmarks for evaluating coupling reagents, protecting group strategies, and purification techniques. The inclusion of proline, known for its unique reactivity, makes this dipeptide particularly informative for troubleshooting and optimizing synthetic workflows.
Analytical method development: The physicochemical properties of His-Pro, such as its charge distribution and chromatographic behavior, make it a suitable reference compound for developing and validating analytical techniques. It is commonly utilized in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), capillary electrophoresis, and mass spectrometry to calibrate instruments, optimize separation parameters, and establish detection limits for peptide analysis. These applications support robust and reproducible quantification of peptides in diverse research and quality control settings.
Metabolic pathway investigation: Researchers employ this dipeptide to study the transport, uptake, and catabolic processing of small peptides in cellular and tissue models. Its defined composition and metabolic stability provide a controlled system for exploring peptide transporter specificity, absorption kinetics, and intracellular degradation pathways. Insights gained from such studies inform broader investigations into nutrient assimilation, signaling peptide turnover, and the regulation of peptide-mediated physiological processes.
1. High fat diet and GLP-1 drugs induce pancreatic injury in mice
3. Low bone turnover and low BMD in Down syndrome: effect of intermittent PTH treatment
4. Immune responses to homocitrulline-and citrulline-containing peptides in rheumatoid arthritis
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