PAR-4 Agonist Peptide, amide TFA (PAR-4-AP TFA; AY-NH2 TFA) is a proteinase-activated receptor-4 (PAR-4) agonist, which has no effect on either PAR-1 or PAR-2 and whose effects are blocked by a PAR-4 antagonist.
CAT No: R1811
CAS No:1228078-65-6
Synonyms/Alias:1228078-65-6;PAR-4 Agonist Peptide, amide (TFA);PAR-4 Agonist Peptide, amide TFA;PAR-4-AP (TFA);Ala-Tyr-Pro-Gly-Lys-Phe-NH2 trifluoroacetate salt;HY-P1309A;BGPJLFVICWHITH-HKJXYENISA-N;EX-A5576;AKOS040763883;DA-56586;MS-31461;CS-0089115;G13304;Ala-Tyr-Pro-Gly-Lys-Phe-NH2 trifluoroacetate salt, >=98% (HPLC), solid;L-alanyl-L-tyrosyl-L-prolylglycyl-L-lysyl-L-phenylalaninamide,trifluoroacetatesalt;(2S)-6-AMINO-2-(2-{[(2S)-1-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-AMINOPROPANAMIDO]-3-(4-HYDROXYPHENYL)PROPANOYL]PYRROLIDIN-2-YL]FORMAMIDO}ACETAMIDO)-N-[(1S)-1-CARBAMOYL-2-PHENYLETHYL]HEXANAMIDE; TRIFLUOROACETIC ACID;(2S)-N-[2-[[(2S)-6-amino-1-[[(2S)-1-amino-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxohexan-2-yl]amino]-2-oxoethyl]-1-[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-aminopropanoyl]amino]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxamide;2,2,2-trifluoroacetic acid;
PAR-4 Agonist Peptide, amide TFA is a synthetic peptide designed to specifically activate protease-activated receptor 4 (PAR-4), a member of the G-protein-coupled receptor family that plays a pivotal role in hemostasis, thrombosis, and inflammation. This peptide features a C-terminal amide modification and is typically provided as a trifluoroacetate (TFA) salt, optimizing its stability and handling characteristics for laboratory use. Its sequence mimics the tethered ligand domain exposed upon proteolytic cleavage of PAR-4, enabling precise and reproducible receptor activation in experimental systems. The ability of this peptide to selectively trigger PAR-4-mediated signaling makes it a valuable tool for dissecting cellular pathways and elucidating the physiological and pathological functions of this receptor in a controlled manner.
Receptor Activation Studies: Researchers utilize the PAR-4 Agonist Peptide to directly stimulate PAR-4 in various in vitro and ex vivo models. By bypassing endogenous protease activity, the peptide allows for controlled activation of the receptor, facilitating the study of downstream signaling cascades, second messenger generation, and receptor-specific cellular responses. This approach is critical for distinguishing PAR-4-mediated effects from those of other protease-activated receptors and for parsing complex signaling networks in platelets, endothelial cells, and other relevant cell types.
Platelet Function Assays: The peptide serves as a reliable agonist for investigating platelet activation, aggregation, and secretion mechanisms. In platelet-rich plasma or isolated platelet preparations, it enables the assessment of PAR-4's contribution to thrombin-induced platelet responses independent of other pathways. Such studies are foundational for understanding the molecular underpinnings of thrombosis, hemostasis, and related disorders, as well as for evaluating the impact of pharmacological inhibitors or genetic modifications on PAR-4-driven platelet behavior.
Inflammatory Pathway Elucidation: PAR-4 is increasingly recognized for its involvement in inflammatory responses, particularly in vascular and immune cells. By providing a means to selectively activate PAR-4, the agonist peptide supports research into cytokine release, leukocyte recruitment, and endothelial barrier function. These investigations are essential for clarifying the receptor's role in inflammation and for identifying novel molecular targets in inflammatory disease models.
Cell Signaling Mechanism Dissection: The selective activation afforded by this peptide enables detailed analysis of intracellular signaling pathways downstream of PAR-4. Researchers can probe the involvement of specific kinases, phospholipases, and transcription factors in response to receptor stimulation. Such mechanistic studies are instrumental in delineating the crosstalk between PAR-4 and other signaling systems, advancing the understanding of how extracellular proteolytic events translate into cellular outcomes.
Drug Discovery and Screening: The PAR-4 Agonist Peptide is widely employed as a reference agonist in high-throughput screening platforms and pharmacological profiling assays. Its well-characterized activity profile permits the evaluation of candidate antagonists, inhibitors, or modulators targeting PAR-4. By enabling reproducible and specific receptor activation, the peptide assists in the identification and optimization of compounds with potential utility in modulating PAR-4-driven processes for research or industrial purposes.
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