PLP (139-151) is amino acid residue 139 to 151 of myelin proteolipid protein (PLP) used to induce experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).
PLP 139-151 is a synthetic peptide fragment derived from the myelin proteolipid protein (PLP), a major constituent of central nervous system myelin. Composed of amino acids 139 through 151 of the PLP sequence, this peptide is widely recognized for its role in neuroimmunological and neuroinflammatory research. Its defined sequence and immunodominant properties make it a valuable molecular tool for dissecting T cell responses, antigen processing, and mechanisms underlying demyelinating disorders. The sequence specificity and biological relevance of PLP 139-151 have established it as a standard reagent in experimental models that investigate the interplay between immune cells and neural tissue.
Autoimmune Disease Modeling: PLP 139-151 is extensively utilized in the establishment of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a widely adopted animal model for studying the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating diseases. By inducing a targeted immune response against myelin antigens, the peptide enables researchers to replicate key aspects of autoimmune neuroinflammation, including T cell infiltration, demyelination, and neurological impairment. This application is critical for elucidating the cellular and molecular mechanisms that drive neuroimmune disorders and for evaluating potential interventions in a controlled, reproducible setting.
T Cell Epitope Mapping: The defined sequence of PLP 139-151 serves as an essential probe for identifying and characterizing immunodominant epitopes recognized by CD4+ T lymphocytes. Through in vitro and in vivo assays, scientists use the peptide to assess T cell activation, cytokine secretion profiles, and MHC class II binding affinities. These studies provide detailed insights into antigen presentation, T cell specificity, and the immunopathological processes that contribute to CNS autoimmunity, supporting the development of targeted immunomodulatory strategies.
Immunological Mechanism Studies: Researchers employ PLP 139-151 to dissect fundamental immunological processes, such as tolerance induction, regulatory T cell function, and the breakdown of self-tolerance. The peptide's ability to selectively activate myelin-reactive T cells enables controlled investigations into the checkpoints and signaling pathways that regulate immune homeostasis. Such studies are instrumental for advancing the understanding of peripheral and central tolerance mechanisms and for identifying molecular targets that may modulate aberrant immune responses.
Antigen Processing and Presentation Research: As a well-defined peptide antigen, PLP 139-151 is used to investigate the intricacies of antigen processing and presentation by professional antigen-presenting cells. Scientists leverage its sequence to examine peptide-MHC interactions, endosomal processing pathways, and the factors that influence immunogenicity or tolerance. These experiments help clarify how specific myelin-derived peptides are presented to the immune system, informing both basic immunology and the design of peptide-based research tools.
Peptide Immunotherapy Development: The immunological properties of PLP 139-151 make it a relevant candidate for preclinical studies exploring peptide-based approaches to modulate immune responses. By serving as a model antigen, the peptide facilitates the evaluation of tolerogenic protocols, antigen-specific immune deviation, and synthetic peptide formulations aimed at influencing T cell reactivity. These investigations contribute to the broader field of antigen-specific immunotherapy research, providing foundational data for the rational design of novel immunomodulatory agents.
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