Polymyxin B2 Sulfate presents a cyclic-linear lipopeptide architecture enriched with basic residues that support lipid-binding studies. Its amphipathic character drives solvent-dependent conformational changes. Researchers examine charge-driven interactions with membrane mimetics. Applications include structural biology, peptide-material exploration, and sequence-activity correlation.
CAT No: R2718
CAS No:108965-69-1
Synonyms/Alias:UNII-WTC2W6JDTU;WTC2W6JDTU;108965-69-1;Polymyxin B2 (sulfate);Q27292833;N-[(2S)-4-amino-1-[[(2S,3R)-1-[[(2S)-4-amino-1-oxo-1-[[(3S,6S,9S,12S,15R,18S,21S)-6,9,18-tris(2-aminoethyl)-15-benzyl-3-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-12-(2-methylpropyl)-2,5,8,11,14,17,20-heptaoxo-1,4,7,10,13,16,19-heptazacyclotricos-21-yl]amino]butan-2-yl]amino]-3-hydroxy-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-1-oxobutan-2-yl]-6-methylheptanamide;sulfuric acid;
Polymyxin B2 Sulfate is a cationic cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic derived from Bacillus polymyxa, widely recognized for its potent activity against Gram-negative bacteria. As a member of the polymyxin family, this compound features a unique amphipathic structure, allowing it to interact intimately with bacterial membranes. Its high affinity for the lipid A portion of lipopolysaccharides underpins its mechanism of disrupting cell membrane integrity, making Polymyxin B2 Sulfate an invaluable tool in microbiological research and pharmaceutical development. The compound's water solubility and stability in various experimental conditions further enhance its versatility for laboratory applications, supporting both in vitro and ex vivo studies. Researchers value its specificity and effectiveness in targeting multidrug-resistant bacterial strains, enabling advanced investigations into bacterial physiology, resistance mechanisms, and antimicrobial strategies. The compound's well-characterized structure and mode of action provide a reliable foundation for a wide range of scientific endeavors.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: In microbiology laboratories, Polymyxin B2 Sulfate is extensively utilized as a reference compound for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. By incorporating it into disk diffusion or broth microdilution assays, researchers can accurately determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Gram-negative bacterial isolates. This approach aids in monitoring resistance trends, evaluating the efficacy of novel antibacterial agents, and guiding the development of new therapeutic strategies. The reproducibility and consistency of results obtained with this lipopeptide make it a benchmark for comparative studies and quality control in antimicrobial research.
Bacterial Membrane Permeabilization Studies: The unique mechanism of action of Polymyxin B2 Sulfate, which involves binding to and disrupting the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, makes it an indispensable tool for membrane permeability investigations. Scientists employ it to probe the structural and functional integrity of bacterial membranes, elucidate the pathways of membrane damage, and assess the effects of synergistic combinations with other agents. These studies provide critical insights into bacterial defense mechanisms and inform the design of next-generation antimicrobials with improved efficacy.
Efflux Pump Inhibition Research: Polymyxin B2 Sulfate has been employed in studies exploring the inhibition of bacterial efflux pumps. By compromising membrane integrity, it can potentiate the activity of other antibiotics that are substrates for efflux systems, thereby revealing the interplay between outer membrane permeability and multidrug resistance. Researchers leverage this property to dissect efflux-mediated resistance mechanisms and to screen for compounds that may restore antibiotic susceptibility in resistant strains.
Endotoxin Neutralization Assays: Due to its high affinity for the lipid A moiety of lipopolysaccharides, this compound is frequently used in endotoxin neutralization assays. By binding and sequestering endotoxins released from Gram-negative bacteria, it enables researchers to study the biological effects of endotoxin removal and to evaluate the efficacy of detoxification strategies. These assays are crucial for understanding the role of endotoxins in bacterial pathogenesis and for developing approaches to mitigate their impact in various biological systems.
Biochemical and Structural Biology Applications: In biochemical and structural biology research, Polymyxin B2 Sulfate serves as a valuable probe for studying protein-lipid interactions and membrane protein function. Its ability to selectively interact with the outer membrane components of Gram-negative bacteria facilitates the isolation and characterization of membrane proteins, lipopolysaccharides, and other cellular constituents. Such studies advance the understanding of bacterial cell envelope architecture and inform the rational design of membrane-targeted agents. Overall, the versatility and robust activity of Polymyxin B2 Sulfate continue to drive innovation across multiple scientific disciplines, supporting the advancement of antimicrobial research and the exploration of bacterial physiology at the molecular level.
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