Tat-NR2B9c (NA-1) is an peptide that inhibits PSD-95, thus disrupting binding to N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) and neuronal nitric oxide synthases (nNOS) and reducing excitoxicity induced by cerebral ischemia.
CAT No: 10-101-142
CAS No:500992-11-0
Synonyms/Alias:Tat-NR2B9c;500992-11-0;Nerinetide;Tat-NR2B9c TFA;NA-1;FN023;1834571-04-8;Nerinetida;Nerinetide [USAN];Tat NR2B9c;UNII-D45TI2TWMA;D45TI2TWMA;Tat-NR2Bct TFA;NA-1 TFA;GTPL12332;FN-023;WHO 10857;AKOS040740169;AS-82902;DA-58297;DA-58298;D84054;L-tyrosylglycyl-L-arginyl-L-lysyl-L-lysyl-L-arginyl-L-arginyl-L- glutaminyl-L-arginyl-L-arginyl-L-arginyl-L-lysyl-L-leucyl-L-seryl-L-seryl-L-isoleucyl-L-alpha-glutamyl-L-seryl-L-alpha-aspartyl-L-valine;L-Valine, L-tyrosylglycyl-L-arginyl-L-lysyl-L-lysyl-L-arginyl-L-arginyl-L- glutaminyl-L-arginyl-L-arginyl-L-arginyl-L-lysyl-L-leucyl-L-seryl-L-seryl-L-isoleucyl-L-alpha-glutamyl-L-seryl-L-alpha-aspartyl-;
TAT-NR2B9c is a synthetic peptide conjugate composed of the cell-penetrating trans-activator of transcription (TAT) peptide fused to the NR2B9c peptide sequence, which is derived from the C-terminal region of the NR2B subunit of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. This chimeric construct is designed to efficiently cross cellular membranes and modulate protein-protein interactions involving NMDA receptor complexes. Its unique structure enables researchers to investigate intracellular signaling pathways, protein trafficking, and receptor dynamics with high specificity and temporal control. TAT-NR2B9c holds significant value in neurobiological research and cell signaling studies, providing a powerful tool for dissecting molecular mechanisms underlying synaptic function and plasticity.
Cell signaling pathway analysis: TAT-NR2B9c is widely utilized to study the modulation of NMDA receptor-mediated signaling cascades, particularly those involving postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) and its downstream effectors. By disrupting the interaction between NR2B subunits and PSD-95, the peptide enables researchers to delineate the functional consequences of altered NMDA receptor complex assembly. This approach facilitates the investigation of calcium-dependent signaling, kinase activation, and synaptic plasticity mechanisms in neuronal models.
Protein-protein interaction mapping: The TAT-conjugated NR2B9c peptide serves as a valuable molecular probe for characterizing the interface between NMDA receptor subunits and scaffolding proteins. Its ability to selectively compete with endogenous NR2B for binding to PSD-95 allows for precise interrogation of synaptic protein networks. Researchers leverage this property to map interaction domains, assess binding affinities, and elucidate the structural determinants governing receptor complex formation in vitro and in cellular systems.
Neuroprotection mechanism studies: In experimental models of excitotoxicity, TAT-NR2B9c is employed to investigate the cellular consequences of disrupting NMDA receptor-PSD-95 coupling. By modulating this interaction, the peptide enables the study of downstream neuroprotective or neurotoxic pathways, mitochondrial integrity, and apoptotic signaling events. Such research provides insights into the molecular basis of neuronal injury and the regulatory checkpoints that control cell fate in response to glutamatergic stimulation.
Synaptic plasticity research: The peptide's capacity to interfere with specific NMDA receptor complexes makes it an essential tool for examining the molecular underpinnings of synaptic strength modulation. Experimental paradigms utilizing TAT-NR2B9c help clarify the roles of receptor clustering, signal compartmentalization, and PSD organization in long-term potentiation and depression. These studies advance understanding of the biochemical processes that support learning, memory, and adaptive neural circuitry.
Intracellular delivery validation: As a prototypical cell-penetrating peptide conjugate, TAT-NR2B9c is frequently used to validate and optimize intracellular delivery strategies for bioactive peptides and proteins. Researchers employ it as a reference construct to benchmark cellular uptake efficiency, subcellular localization, and functional delivery in various cell types, including primary neurons and established lines. Such applications inform the design of next-generation delivery systems for research and biotechnology applications.
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