H-D-Lys-NH2 · 2 HCl is a protected-free amino acid derivative consisting of the amino acid lysine in which the α-amino group is present as an amino substituent (H-) and the carboxyl group is converted to a terminal amide (-NH2), forming a diaminoamide framework consistent with lysine's aliphatic side chain terminating in a primary ε-amine. The molecule bears two amino functional groups (α-amino and ε-amine) and one terminal amide (carboxamide) while existing as a dihydrochloride salt, which protonates the basic amines to form chloride counterions and influences solubility and handling without changing the covalent structure. It is used as a chemically defined lysine-containing building block for peptide and amide synthesis planning, for preparing lysine analogues and conjugation reagents that require a free ε-amine handle, and for analytical or labeling workflows where a salt-stabilized diaminoamide form is convenient.
CAT No: CP26753
CAS No:205598-51-2
Synonyms/Alias:H-D-Lys-NH2.2HCl;205598-51-2;D-LYSINE-NH22HCL;SCHEMBL14831148
H-D-Lys-NH2 · 2 HCl is a D-configuration lysine amino acid derivative presented as a dihydrochloride salt, featuring a primary amino group at the α-position (as an ammonium chloride salt), a second terminal primary amine on the side chain, and a carboxamide-free, amine-rich structure that supports strong salt formation and aqueous handling. The stereogenic center at the lysine α-carbon is fixed in the D-configuration, enabling stereochemically defined incorporation into peptide-like constructs and chiral synthetic sequences. The two hydrochloride counterions moderate basicity and improve crystallinity, while the free primary amine functions can participate in nucleophilic acylation, reductive amination, and protected-amino transformations after appropriate base liberation. As a chiral amino acid building block, H-D-Lys-NH2 · 2 HCl serves as a direct precursor for protected D-lysine derivatives, side-chain functionalization, and downstream peptide coupling chemistry where stereochemical control of lysine residues is required.
1. Peptide Synthesis
H-D-Lys-NH2 · 2 HCl supports peptide coupling workflows in peptide chemistry and fragment assembly by providing a D-lysine backbone with a side-chain primary amine suitable for orthogonal protection strategies. The salt form enables controlled deprotonation prior to conversion into an N-protected amino acid or activated ester/amidation partner, while the second amine can be selectively protected to tune chemoselectivity during sequential couplings. D-configuration lysine incorporation can be applied to generate stereochemically defined peptide analogs for backbone studies, protease resistance investigations, or scaffold diversification. Downstream peptide building block preparation can proceed through conversion to N-Fmoc/Boc protected forms and side-chain-protected lysine variants that maintain compatibility with standard peptide coupling reagents and solid-phase or solution-phase synthesis.
2. Chemical Biology Probes
H-D-Lys-NH2 · 2 HCl is suitable for chemical biology research and biomolecule probe construction where lysine-like amine functionality enables conjugation and labeling chemistry. The α-amino and ε-amino groups allow attachment handles for amide bond formation, carbamate formation, or linker installation after protection/deprotection cycles that preserve the D-stereocenter. D-lysine-containing probes can be used to probe binding-site stereochemical preferences, map interaction surfaces, or generate peptide mimetics that resist enzymatic cleavage relative to L analogs. The resulting conjugates can serve as intermediates for affinity reagents, imaging-tag precursors, or platform molecules for studying amino acid recognition and amine-mediated molecular interactions.
3. Bioconjugation Chemistry
H-D-Lys-NH2 · 2 HCl can be employed in bioconjugation chemistry to build amine-reactive scaffolds and linker-bearing intermediates for attaching peptides to proteins, polymers, or surfaces. The primary side-chain amine enables formation of stable amide or urea linkages with activated carboxylic acids or isocyanates, while the salt form helps manage solubility and handling during intermediate preparation. D-lysine stereochemistry can be leveraged to create stereodefined conjugates that minimize ambiguity in structure characterization and can help differentiate stereochemical effects in binding or transport studies. Downstream utility includes preparation of protected lysine derivatives for stepwise linker installation, followed by deprotection and final conjugation to generate defined biomolecule-modified materials.
4. Chiral Amino Acid Intermediate
H-D-Lys-NH2 · 2 HCl functions as a chiral amino acid intermediate for stereoselective synthesis of D-lysine derivatives used across synthetic organic chemistry and peptide science. The fixed D-configuration at the α-carbon provides a reliable stereochemical handle for preparing N-protected amino acids, side-chain functionalized lysines, and C- or N-derivatized intermediates for complex molecule assembly. The two primary amines facilitate systematic derivatization through orthogonal protection schemes, enabling selective manipulation of the ε-amine for functional group introduction while maintaining compatibility with peptide coupling. Industrially relevant downstream routes can include conversion to protected D-lysine esters, activated amino acid derivatives, and process-ready intermediates that support fine chemical synthesis and controlled generation of stereodefined building blocks.
5. Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Intermediates
H-D-Lys-NH2 · 2 HCl can be applied in pharmaceutical manufacturing contexts as a starting material for producing D-lysine-containing intermediates used in peptide-like active ingredients, linker systems, or process intermediates for controlled synthesis. The amino-rich structure supports transformation into N-protected forms and side-chain protected derivatives that are compatible with standard coupling and deprotection operations used in manufacturing-scale peptide chemistry. The dihydrochloride salt form can be advantageous for handling and consistent feed preparation when converting to activated derivatives, while stereochemical integrity of the D-center is maintained through protection and activation steps. Downstream derivative formation includes generation of protected D-lysine building blocks for sequential assembly, enabling reproducible production of stereodefined lysine-containing molecules and related chemical intermediates.
6. Side-Chain Functionalization
H-D-Lys-NH2 · 2 HCl enables side-chain functionalization strategies that exploit the ε-primary amine to introduce diverse chemical functionalities for materials and synthetic scaffold development. The terminal amine can be converted into amide, sulfonamide, carbamate, or urea motifs after appropriate protection of the α-amino group, supporting orthogonal chemistry for multi-step synthesis. D-lysine-derived side-chain modifications can be used to generate chiral cationic or neutral linkers, incorporate reactive handles for subsequent conjugation, or build peptidomimetic fragments with controlled stereochemical presentation. Downstream utility includes preparation of functionalized lysine intermediates that feed into polymer modification, specialty chemical production, and synthetic methodology development where amine reactivity and stereodefined structure are required.
1. TMEM16F and dynamins control expansive plasma membrane reservoirs
2. Adipose tissue is a key organ for the beneficial effects of GLP-2 metabolic function
If you have any peptide synthesis requirement in mind, please do not hesitate to contact us at . We will endeavor to provide highly satisfying products and services.
Creative Peptides is a trusted CDMO partner specializing in high-quality peptide synthesis, conjugation, and manufacturing under strict cGMP compliance. With advanced technology platforms and a team of experienced scientists, we deliver tailored peptide solutions to support drug discovery, clinical development, and cosmetic innovation worldwide.
From custom peptide synthesis to complex peptide-drug conjugates, we provide flexible, end-to-end services designed to accelerate timelines and ensure regulatory excellence. Our commitment to quality, reliability, and innovation has made us a preferred partner across the pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and personal care industries.
Read More