Kisspeptin-54 (27-54) (human) trifluoroacetate salt

H-Ile-Pro-Ala-Pro-Gln-Gly-Ala-Val-Leu-Val-Gln-Arg-Glu-Lys-Asp-Leu-Pro-Asn-Tyr-Asn-Trp-Asn-Ser-Phe-Gly-Leu-Arg-Phe-NH2, a synthetic peptide with a defined amino acid sequence, offers significant utility in biochemical and molecular research. Characterized by its precise chain of 29 residues, this peptide is designed to model or mimic functional domains of larger proteins, enabling scientists to dissect structure-activity relationships and study peptide-protein interactions in controlled experimental settings. Its sequence incorporates both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions, which can influence folding, receptor binding, and stability, making it a versatile tool for investigating a range of biological phenomena. Due to its customizable nature, H-Ile-Pro-Ala-Pro-Gln-Gly-Ala-Val-Leu-Val-Gln-Arg-Glu-Lys-Asp-Leu-Pro-Asn-Tyr-Asn-Trp-Asn-Ser-Phe-Gly-Leu-Arg-Phe-NH2 can be adapted for use in various assay systems, from in vitro biochemical assays to cell-based functional screens, supporting the advancement of peptide-based research across multiple disciplines.

Peptide-Protein Interaction Studies: Researchers frequently utilize H-Ile-Pro-Ala-Pro-Gln-Gly-Ala-Val-Leu-Val-Gln-Arg-Glu-Lys-Asp-Leu-Pro-Asn-Tyr-Asn-Trp-Asn-Ser-Phe-Gly-Leu-Arg-Phe-NH2 to elucidate the mechanisms of peptide-protein recognition and binding. By introducing this peptide into binding assays, scientists can map interaction sites, determine affinity constants, and identify critical residues involved in molecular recognition. This approach is particularly valuable for uncovering the molecular basis of signaling pathways, enzyme regulation, or receptor activation, providing insights that are foundational for the development of peptide-based modulators or inhibitors.

Receptor Binding and Signal Transduction Research: The unique sequence of this peptide makes it an excellent probe for investigating receptor-ligand interactions and downstream signal transduction events. By labeling or modifying the peptide, researchers can track its binding to specific cell surface or intracellular receptors, monitor conformational changes, and assess the activation or inhibition of signaling cascades. Such studies contribute to a deeper understanding of cellular communication networks and can inform the rational design of novel bioactive peptides for research applications.

Enzyme Substrate Specificity and Kinetics: H-Ile-Pro-Ala-Pro-Gln-Gly-Ala-Val-Leu-Val-Gln-Arg-Glu-Lys-Asp-Leu-Pro-Asn-Tyr-Asn-Trp-Asn-Ser-Phe-Gly-Leu-Arg-Phe-NH2 serves as a valuable substrate for exploring enzyme specificity, kinetics, and catalytic mechanisms. By incorporating the peptide into enzymatic assays, investigators can monitor cleavage patterns, measure reaction rates, and identify key determinants of substrate recognition. These experiments are essential for characterizing protease activity, mapping cleavage sites, and screening for enzyme inhibitors, thereby advancing the understanding of protein processing and regulation.

Structural Biology and Computational Modeling: The defined sequence and physicochemical properties of this peptide enable its use in structural biology studies, such as NMR spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, or computational modeling. Researchers can analyze the peptide's secondary and tertiary structures, investigate folding dynamics, and simulate its interactions with target proteins or membranes. These structural insights are crucial for elucidating the conformational landscapes of bioactive peptides and guiding the rational engineering of improved peptide analogs.

Antibody Production and Epitope Mapping: H-Ile-Pro-Ala-Pro-Gln-Gly-Ala-Val-Leu-Val-Gln-Arg-Glu-Lys-Asp-Leu-Pro-Asn-Tyr-Asn-Trp-Asn-Ser-Phe-Gly-Leu-Arg-Phe-NH2 is often employed as an immunogen or as a tool for epitope mapping in immunological research. By conjugating the peptide to carrier proteins or immobilizing it on solid supports, researchers can generate sequence-specific antibodies or define antigenic determinants recognized by existing antibodies. This capability facilitates the development of highly specific detection reagents, supports immunoassay development, and enhances the accuracy of biomarker discovery efforts.

Peptide-Based Screening and Functional Assays: The customizable nature of H-Ile-Pro-Ala-Pro-Gln-Gly-Ala-Val-Leu-Val-Gln-Arg-Glu-Lys-Asp-Leu-Pro-Asn-Tyr-Asn-Trp-Asn-Ser-Phe-Gly-Leu-Arg-Phe-NH2 makes it an ideal candidate for use in high-throughput screening platforms and functional assays. Researchers can employ the peptide to probe cellular responses, assess the impact of sequence modifications, or identify novel interacting partners. Its application in screening workflows accelerates the identification of lead compounds, elucidation of biological mechanisms, and validation of new research targets, thereby driving innovation in peptide science and related fields.

1. The effect of sex on immune responses to a homocitrullinated peptide in the DR4-transgenic mouse model of Rheumatoid Arthritis

2. Oleic acid and glucose regulate glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor expression in a rat pancreatic ductal cell line

3. Cationic cell-penetrating peptides are potent furin inhibitors

4. Myotropic activity and immunolocalization of selected neuropeptides of the burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides (Coleoptera: Silphidae)

5. Emerging applications of nanotechnology for diagnosis and therapy of disease: a review