Iseganan is a synthetic analog of a peptide, and with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. It is under development for the prevention of oral mucositis from chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
CAT No: 10-101-184
CAS No:257277-05-7
Synonyms/Alias:Iseganan;257277-05-7;Antimicrobial peptide IB-367;Iseganan [INN];IB-367;UNII-Q9SAI36COS;IB 367;DTXSID80180415;IB-367-03;L-Argininamide, L-arginylglycylglycyl-L-leucyl-L-cysteinyl-L-tyrosyl-L-cysteinyl-L-arginylglycyl-L-arginyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-cysteinyl-L-valyl-L-cysteinyl-L-valylglycyl-, cyclic (5-14),(7-12)-;isegananum;ISEGANAN [MI];Q9SAI36COS;ISEGANAN [WHO-DD];CHEMBL2110753;GTPL10822;DTXCID90102906;EX-A7465;DA-64513;NS00121746;ARG-GLY-GLY-LEU-CYS-TYR-CYS-ARG-GLY-ARG-PHE-CYS-VAL-CYS-VAL-GLY-ARG-NH2, CYCLIC (5-14, 7-12) DISULFIDE;L-ARGININAMIDE, L-ARGINYLGLYCYLGLYCYL-L-LEUCYL-L-CYSTEINYL-L-TYROSYL-L-CYSTEINYL-L-ARGINYLGLYCYL-L-ARGINYL-L-PHENYLALANYL-L-CYSTEINYL-L-VALYL-L-CYSTEINYL-L-VALYLGLYCYL-, CYCLIC (5->14), (7->12)-BIS(DISULFIDE);
Iseganan, also known as IB-367, is a synthetic cationic peptide derived from protegrin, designed to mimic the natural antimicrobial peptides found in the innate immune system. Characterized by its broad-spectrum activity and resistance to proteolytic degradation, Iseganan exhibits a unique ability to disrupt microbial membranes, making it a valuable tool in scientific research focused on host defense mechanisms. Its structure, comprising a β-hairpin stabilized by disulfide bridges, enables strong interaction with the negatively charged surfaces of bacteria and fungi, resulting in rapid microbial inactivation. The stability and specificity of Iseganan have attracted significant interest for various experimental applications, particularly in studies exploring antimicrobial resistance, biofilm dynamics, and peptide-membrane interactions.
Antimicrobial Mechanism Studies: Iseganan serves as an effective model compound for elucidating the mechanisms by which cationic peptides target and disrupt microbial membranes. Researchers utilize this peptide to investigate how the amphipathic structure facilitates insertion into lipid bilayers, leading to membrane permeabilization and cell lysis. These studies contribute to a deeper understanding of innate immune defense strategies and support the rational design of next-generation antimicrobial agents that can overcome resistance mechanisms in pathogenic microorganisms.
Biofilm Research: The compound is widely employed in laboratory settings to assess its efficacy against biofilm-forming bacteria and fungi. Biofilms, notorious for their resilience to conventional antimicrobials, present a significant challenge in both environmental and industrial contexts. Iseganan's ability to penetrate and disrupt established biofilms provides researchers with a valuable tool to dissect the molecular pathways involved in biofilm formation and maintenance. Insights gained from these investigations may inform the development of novel anti-biofilm strategies, benefiting fields such as water treatment, food safety, and surface sanitation.
Peptide-Membrane Interaction Analysis: Scientists leverage IB-367 in biophysical studies aimed at characterizing peptide-lipid interactions. Through techniques such as circular dichroism spectroscopy, fluorescence assays, and electron microscopy, the peptide's conformational changes and binding affinities are meticulously examined. These analyses yield critical data on the structural requirements for membrane selectivity and disruption, guiding the optimization of synthetic peptides for improved antimicrobial performance and reduced cytotoxicity in non-target organisms.
Innate Immunity Research: Iseganan is instrumental in probing the role of host defense peptides in innate immunity. By introducing the peptide into in vitro and ex vivo models, researchers can monitor immune cell responses, cytokine production, and the modulation of inflammatory pathways. Such studies enhance the scientific community's understanding of how antimicrobial peptides contribute to the first line of defense against pathogens, paving the way for innovative approaches to immune modulation in various biological systems.
Protein Engineering and Synthetic Biology: The robust structure and potent activity of Iseganan inspire the engineering of novel peptide analogs with tailored properties. In synthetic biology, its sequence serves as a template for generating libraries of peptide variants, which are subsequently screened for enhanced spectrum, stability, or target specificity. These efforts support the development of customized peptides for diverse research applications, including environmental microbiology, agricultural biotechnology, and industrial bioprocessing.
Through its multifaceted applications, Iseganan continues to advance scientific knowledge across microbiology, immunology, and biophysical research. Its versatility as a research tool fosters innovation in antimicrobial discovery, biofilm management, and peptide engineering, underscoring its importance in addressing contemporary challenges in microbial control and innate immunity.
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