Macrophage stimulatory lipopeptide 2 integrates a lipidated motif with a peptide backbone to explore membrane anchoring and pattern-recognition interactions. Its hydrophobic tail modifies solubility and structural dynamics. Researchers study conformational responses to lipid environments. Use spans immunopeptide modeling, biophysical studies, and ligand-pattern analysis.
CAT No: R2681
CAS No:250718-44-6
Synonyms/Alias:MALP-2;UNII-DZX5IUA94D;DZX5IUA94D;Macrophage-activating lipopeptide-2;250718-44-6;S-(2,3-Bispalmitoyloxy-(2R)-propyl)-cysteinly-gnndesnisfkek;L-Lysine, S-((2R)-2,3-bis((1-oxohexadecyl)oxy)propyl)-L-cysteinylglycyl-L-asparaginyl-L-asparaginyl-L-alpha-aspartyl-L-alpha-glutamyl-L-seryl-L-asparaginyl-L-isoleucyl-L-seryl-L-phenylalanyl-L-lysyl-L-alpha-glutamyl-;L-LYSINE, S-((2R)-2,3-BIS((1-OXOHEXADECYL)OXY)PROPYL)-L-CYSTEINYLGLYCYL-L-ASPARAGINYL-L-ASPARAGINYL-L-.ALPHA.-ASPARTYL-L-.ALPHA.-GLUTAMYL-L-SERYL-L-ASPARAGINYL-L-ISOLEUCYL-L-SERYL-L-PHENYLALANYL-L-LYSYL-L-.ALPHA.-GLUTAMYL-;S-[2,3-bispalmitoyloxy-(2R)-propyl]-cysteinly-GNNDESNISFKEK;L-Lysine, S-[(2R)-2,3-bis[(1-oxohexadecyl)oxy]propyl]-L-cysteinylglycyl-L-asparaginyl-L-asparaginyl-L-alpha-aspartyl-L-alpha-glutamyl-L-seryl-L-asparaginyl-L-isoleucyl-L-seryl-L-phenylalanyl-L-lysyl-L-alpha-glutamyl-;macrophage stimulatory lipopeptide 2;S-(2,3-bispalmitoyloxypropyl)-CGNNDESNISFKEK;Macrophage-activating lipopeptide 2;HY-P10586;
Macrophage stimulatory lipopeptide 2 is a synthetic lipopeptide compound recognized for its capacity to activate innate immune responses, particularly through the stimulation of macrophages. Structurally, it consists of a lipid moiety covalently attached to a peptide backbone, a configuration that enables interaction with pattern recognition receptors such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs) on immune cells. This molecule has garnered significant interest in immunological and biochemical research due to its ability to mimic microbial components and serve as a valuable tool for dissecting signaling pathways involved in host defense mechanisms. Its robust immunostimulatory properties make it a key reagent for studies focused on innate immunity, inflammatory signaling, and host-pathogen interactions.
Immunology research: Macrophage stimulatory lipopeptide 2 is widely employed in immunological studies to probe the activation and functional responses of macrophages. By engaging TLR2 and related receptors, it triggers downstream signaling cascades that result in cytokine production, upregulation of co-stimulatory molecules, and enhanced phagocytic activity. Researchers utilize this compound to model innate immune activation in vitro, providing a controlled means to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying macrophage-mediated immunity and inflammatory responses.
Innate immune pathway analysis: The lipopeptide serves as a valuable molecular probe for dissecting TLR-mediated signaling pathways. Its defined structure allows for precise activation of TLR2-dependent mechanisms, facilitating the study of adaptor proteins, kinase cascades, and transcriptional regulators involved in innate immune signaling. This application is particularly relevant for elucidating the roles of MyD88-dependent and independent pathways, as well as for mapping the molecular events leading to NF-κB and MAPK activation in response to microbial mimetics.
Adjuvant mechanism studies: In vaccine research and adjuvant development, the compound is used to model the immunopotentiating effects of lipopeptide-based adjuvants. Its ability to stimulate antigen-presenting cells provides insight into the mechanisms by which lipopeptide structures enhance immune responses to co-administered antigens. Experimental systems incorporating this molecule enable detailed analysis of adjuvant-induced maturation of dendritic cells, cytokine milieu modulation, and subsequent adaptive immune priming.
Host-pathogen interaction modeling: The compound's structural similarity to bacterial lipopeptides makes it an excellent surrogate for studying host recognition of microbial components. Researchers employ it to mimic pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and assess how innate immune cells discriminate between self and non-self. Such studies are instrumental in advancing understanding of the initial events in infection, the regulation of inflammation, and the development of tolerance or hypersensitivity to microbial products.
Drug discovery and screening: Macrophage stimulatory lipopeptide 2 is utilized in high-throughput screening platforms aimed at identifying modulators of innate immune signaling. By serving as a consistent and well-characterized stimulant, it enables the evaluation of small molecules, biologics, or genetic interventions that enhance or inhibit macrophage activation. These assays contribute to the discovery and characterization of novel immunomodulatory agents with potential applications in immunology research, inflammation control, and the study of immune dysregulation.
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