PE22-28 is a synthetic derivative of the naturally occurring peptide spadin.
CAT No: 10-101-312
CAS No:1801959-12-5
Synonyms/Alias:PE 22-28;1801959-12-5;EX-A8193F;HY-P3581;L-Arginine, glycyl-L-valyl-L-seryl-L-tryptophylglycyl-L-leucyl-;DA-66537;CS-0615995;(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[(2-aminoacetyl)amino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoyl]amino]acetyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoic acid;
PE22-28 is a synthetic peptide fragment derived from the neuropeptide PACAP (pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide). As a truncated analog, PE22-28 retains key biological activities while offering enhanced stability and selectivity, making it a valuable research tool in neurobiology and peptide signaling studies. Its unique structure allows for the investigation of specific receptor interactions, intracellular signaling cascades, and neuroprotective mechanisms. Researchers value PE22-28 for its ability to modulate various physiological processes, providing a focused means to dissect the roles of PACAP-derived peptides in cellular and molecular contexts. The peptide's robust performance in in vitro and in vivo models supports its widespread adoption in experimental protocols aimed at unraveling the complexities of neuropeptide function.
Neuroprotection research: In the field of neuroprotection, PE22-28 is employed to explore mechanisms underlying neuronal survival and resilience. By mimicking the activity of its parent peptide, it enables scientists to probe the signaling pathways that confer protection against oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, and other neurodegenerative insults. Its application in neuronal cell cultures and animal models helps delineate the contributions of PACAP signaling to neuroprotection, facilitating the identification of novel therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative diseases and brain injury. The selective action of this analog allows for precise dissection of receptor subtype involvement and downstream effectors, advancing the understanding of neuroprotective signaling networks.
Receptor pharmacology studies: In receptor pharmacology, PE22-28 serves as a selective ligand for PACAP receptors, particularly those of the PAC1 subtype. Its use in binding assays, receptor activation studies, and intracellular cAMP measurement experiments provides insights into receptor specificity, affinity, and functional consequences of ligand engagement. By differentiating between the effects of full-length PACAP and its truncated analog, researchers can map receptor domains critical for ligand recognition and signal transduction. This information is instrumental in the design of new peptide analogs with tailored pharmacological profiles, contributing to the broader field of G protein-coupled receptor research.
Intracellular signaling pathway analysis: The peptide is widely utilized to dissect intracellular signaling pathways activated by PACAP receptor engagement. PE22-28's ability to selectively activate or inhibit specific cascades, such as those involving adenylate cyclase, protein kinase A, and MAP kinases, makes it an indispensable tool for elucidating the molecular events that follow neuropeptide-receptor interaction. By applying the peptide to various cell types and monitoring downstream responses, investigators can clarify the roles of individual signaling molecules and their contributions to cellular outcomes like proliferation, differentiation, and survival.
Neurodevelopmental studies: In neurodevelopmental research, the truncated analog is used to investigate the influence of PACAP-derived peptides on neuronal differentiation, migration, and maturation. Its application in primary neuronal cultures and developing brain tissue models enables the study of how PACAP signaling shapes neural circuit formation and plasticity. The insights gained from these studies inform our understanding of normal brain development and the molecular underpinnings of neurodevelopmental disorders, highlighting the importance of neuropeptide signaling in early life stages.
Peptide structure-activity relationship (SAR) research: PE22-28 is also integral to structure-activity relationship studies aimed at defining the structural determinants of PACAP's biological effects. By comparing the activity profiles of the truncated analog with those of the full-length peptide and other derivatives, researchers can identify amino acid residues and sequence motifs essential for receptor binding and functional selectivity. These SAR investigations drive the rational design of next-generation neuropeptide analogs with improved stability, potency, and receptor selectivity, expanding the toolkit available for basic and translational neuroscience research.
In summary, the diverse applications of PE22-28 in neuroprotection, receptor pharmacology, intracellular signaling, neurodevelopment, and structure-activity relationship studies underscore its significance as a versatile and powerful research peptide. Its ability to selectively modulate PACAP-related pathways, coupled with enhanced stability and specificity, makes it an indispensable asset for advancing our understanding of neuropeptide biology and the molecular mechanisms governing nervous system function. As research into PACAP signaling continues to evolve, the role of this truncated analog in elucidating complex biological processes will only grow, supporting the development of innovative strategies for studying brain function and dysfunction.
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