Thymopentin is a synthetic pentapeptide which is the active site of the naturally occurring hormone thymopoietin with immunomodulating properties. Thymopentin enhances the production of thymic T cells and may help restore immunocompetence in immunosuppressed subjects. This agent also augments the effects of ionizing radiation by arresting cancer cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle.
CAT No: T07011
CAS No:177966-81-3
Synonyms/Alias:THYMOPENTIN;69558-55-0;TP-5;Timunox;Arg-Lys-Asp-Val-Tyr;Sintomodulina;Thymopentine;Timopentina;Thymopoietin 32-36;IMMUNOX;Hg-thymopentin;Pentapeptide-1;Thymopoietin pentapeptide;Oristar thymopentin;Sh-pentapeptide-1;ORF-15244;DTXSID9046609;NSC-760116;Thymopentinum;(6S,9S,12S,15S,18S)-1,6-diamino-9-(4-aminobutyl)-12-(carboxymethyl)-18-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-1-imino-15-isopropyl-7,10,13,16-tetraoxo-2,8,11,14,17-pentaazanonadecan-19-oic acid;DTXCID7026609;Thymopoetin 32-36-pentapeptide;ORF 15244;L-Tyrosine, L-arginyl-L-lysyl-L-a-aspartyl-L-valyl-;Thymopentine [French];Thymopentinum [Latin];Timopentina [Spanish];(3S)-3-[[(2S)-6-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-amino-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]-4-[[(2S)-1-[[(1S)-1-carboxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-4-oxobutanoic acid;Thymopentin [USAN:INN:BAN];Thymopentinum (Latin);Pentapeptide, Thymopoietin;O3Y80ZF13F;Thymopentin Acetate (TP-5);NSC645363;N-(N-(N-(N(2)-L-Arginyl-L-Lysyl)-L-alpha-Aspartyl)-L-Valyl)-L-Tyrosine;N-[N-[N-(N{2}-L-Arginyl-L-lysyl)-L-alpha-aspartyl]-L-valyl]-L-tyrosine;L-Tyrosine, N-(N-(N-(N2-L-arginyl-L-lysyl)-L-alpha-aspartyl)-L-valyl)-;NSC 760116;Thymopentin,(S);NCGC00166412-01;(3S)-3-(((2S)-6-amino-2-(((2S)-2-amino-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoyl)amino)hexanoyl)amino)-4-(((2S)-1-(((1S)-1-carboxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl)amino)-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)amino)-4-oxobutanoic acid;TP-5 Acetate;MFCD00214200;RKDVY;THYMOPENTIN [MI];THYMOPENTIN [INN];Thymopentin (USAN/INN);THYMOPENTIN [USAN];SCHEMBL44001;THYMOPENTIN [WHO-DD];MLS000069768;Arg-Lys-Asp-Val-Tyr; RKDVY;CHEMBL156025;Thymopentin, >=97% (HPLC);L03AX09;CHEBI:135870;PSWFFKRAVBDQEG-YGQNSOCVSA-N;SH-PENTAPEPTIDE-1 [INCI];HMS2231E14;HMS3264A15;Pharmakon1600-01506200;HY-N7122;Tox21_112420;NSC760116;AKOS015994638;CCG-270365;HS-2029;SMP1_000105;SMR000058921;CAS-69558-55-0;CS-0020412;S3668;imino-15-isopropyl-7,10,13,16-tetraoxo-;12-(carboxymethyl)-18-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-1-;D06117;2,8,11,14,17-pentaazanonadecan-19-oic acid;Q7799637;BRD-K52097716-001-01-1;L-Tyrosine, L-arginyl-L-lysyl-L-alpha-aspartyl-L-valyl-;(6S,9S,12S,15S,18S)-1,6-diamino-9-(4-aminobutyl)-;L-Tyrosine, L-arginyl-L-lysyl-L-.alpha.-aspartyl-L-valyl-;(3S)-3-[(2S)-6-AMINO-2-[(2S)-2-AMINO-5-CARBAMIMIDAMIDOPENTANAMIDO]HEXANAMIDO]-3-{[(1S)-1-{[(1S)-1-CARBOXY-2-(4-HYDROXYPHENYL)ETHYL]CARBAMOYL}-2-METHYLPROPYL]CARBAMOYL}PROPANOIC ACID;(6S,9S,12S,15S,18S)-1,6-diamino-9-(4-aminobutyl)-12-(carboxymethyl)-18-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-1-imino-15-isopropyl-7,10,13,16-tetraoxo-2,8,11,14,17-pentaazanonadecan-19-oicacid;
Chemical Name:(3S)-3-[[(2S)-6-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-amino-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]-4-[[(2S)-1-[[(1S)-1-carboxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-4-oxobutanoic acid
Thymopentin is a synthetic pentapeptide derived from the active center of thymopoietin, recognized for its significant role in modulating immune responses and supporting immunological research. As a stable and water-soluble compound, thymopentin offers a reliable tool for scientific investigations into T-cell differentiation, maturation, and function. Its sequence, corresponding to the amino acids Arg-Lys-Asp-Val-Tyr, mimics the immunoregulatory activity of endogenous thymic peptides, making it a valuable resource for exploring immune cell signaling and peptide-based immunomodulation. Researchers appreciate its ease of synthesis, consistent bioactivity, and compatibility with various in vitro and in vivo experimental systems, which has led to its widespread adoption in immunology laboratories and peptide research initiatives.
Immunological Mechanism Studies: Thymopentin serves as a critical reagent for elucidating the mechanisms underlying T-cell activation and differentiation. By interacting with specific receptors on immature lymphocytes, it facilitates the study of thymic education processes and the development of immunocompetent T-cells. Scientists leverage its activity to dissect the signaling pathways involved in T-cell receptor engagement and downstream transcriptional events, contributing to a better understanding of adaptive immunity and immune tolerance. Its use in such studies has illuminated key aspects of thymic peptide function and informed the design of novel immunomodulatory agents.
Autoimmune Disease Research: In the field of autoimmune disease modeling, thymopentin is frequently employed to investigate the regulation of immune homeostasis and the prevention of aberrant immune responses. Researchers utilize it to modulate T-cell subsets in experimental systems, examining how its presence influences the balance between regulatory and effector T-cells. Through these investigations, thymopentin has provided insights into the mechanisms that underlie self-tolerance and the breakdown of immune regulation, supporting the development of new approaches for managing immune-mediated disorders at the cellular and molecular levels.
Transplantation Immunology: The application of thymopentin extends to transplantation research, where it is used to study the induction of immune tolerance and the prevention of graft rejection. By incorporating this peptide into preclinical models, scientists can assess its effects on the activation and suppression of alloreactive lymphocytes. These studies help to clarify the role of thymic peptides in promoting graft acceptance and minimizing immune-mediated tissue damage, thereby contributing to the advancement of transplantation science and the optimization of immunosuppressive protocols in experimental settings.
Vaccine Adjuvant Development: Thymopentin's immunomodulatory properties make it an attractive candidate for adjuvant research in vaccine development. Researchers explore its potential to enhance antigen-specific immune responses by priming T-cells and supporting the maturation of antigen-presenting cells. Experimental formulations containing thymopentin are evaluated for their ability to improve the magnitude and quality of immune responses in vaccination models, providing valuable data for the rational design of next-generation peptide-based adjuvants and immunotherapeutic strategies.
Cellular and Molecular Immunology Assays: Investigators also employ thymopentin in a variety of in vitro and ex vivo assays aimed at characterizing lymphocyte function, cytokine production, and cell surface marker expression. Its defined sequence and reproducible activity make it an ideal control or stimulant in studies assessing T-cell proliferation, apoptosis, and signal transduction. By integrating thymopentin into cellular assays, researchers gain a robust tool for dissecting immune cell behavior, mapping peptide-receptor interactions, and validating novel immunological hypotheses, thereby driving forward the frontiers of basic and applied immunology research.
3. Implications of ligand-receptor binding kinetics on GLP-1R signalling
4. Cationic cell-penetrating peptides are potent furin inhibitors
5. Adipose tissue is a key organ for the beneficial effects of GLP-2 metabolic function
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