Larazotide is an octapeptide inhibitor of paracellular permeability whose structure is derived from a protein (zonula occludens toxin) secreted by Vibrio cholerae for treatment of Coeliac disease.
CAT No: R1967
CAS No:258818-34-7
Synonyms/Alias:Larazotide;258818-34-7;Larazotida;Larazotide [USAN:INN];AT 2347;AT-2347;ZN3R5560ZV;2-[[(2S)-1-[(2S)-5-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[2-[(2-aminoacetyl)amino]acetyl]amino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]acetic acid;DTXSID30180526;258818-34-7 (free base);glycylglycyl-L-valyl-L-leucyl-L-valyl-L-glutaminyl-L-prolylglycine;larazotidum;UNII-ZN3R5560ZV;larazotide-acetate;2-(((2S)-1-((2S)-2-((2S)-2-((2S)-2-((2S)-2-(2-(2-aminoacetamido)acetamido)-3-methylbutanamido)-4-methylpentanamido)-3-methylbutanamido)-4-carbamoylbutanoyl)pyrrolidin-2-yl)formamido)acetic acid;2-{[(2S)-1-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[(2S)-2-[2-(2-aminoacetamido)acetamido]-3-methylbutanamido]-4-methylpentanamido]-3-methylbutanamido]-4-carbamoylbutanoyl]pyrrolidin-2-yl]formamido}acetic acid;Larazotide [INN];Larazotide (USAN/INN);LARAZOTIDE [USAN];LARAZOTIDE [WHO-DD];CHEMBL2105646;SCHEMBL23668120;DTXCID70103017;CHEBI:177799;ORFLZNAGUTZRLQ-ZMBVWFSWSA-N;AKOS040741937;DB05645;H-Gly-Gly-Val-Leu-Val-Gln-Pro-Gly-OH;DA-54793;HY-106268;CS-0025478;NS00072884;D09351;Q27295752;Glycine, glycylglycyl-L-valyl-L-leucyl-L-valyl-L-glutaminyl-L-prolyl-;2-((S)-1-((2S,5S,8S,11S)-17-Amino-2-(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-8-isobutyl-5,11-diisopropyl-4,7,10,13,16-pentaoxo-3,6,9,12,15-pentaazaheptadecan-1-oyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxamido)acetic acid;
Chemical Name:2-[[(2S)-1-[(2S)-5-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[2-[(2-aminoacetyl)amino]acetyl]amino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl]amino]acetic acid
Larazotide is a synthetic peptide compound known for its role as a tight junction modulator within epithelial barriers. Structurally derived from a fragment of zonula occludens toxin, it is designed to interact specifically with proteins that regulate paracellular permeability. Its unique mechanism of modulating tight junction integrity makes it a valuable tool for investigating epithelial physiology, barrier function, and the molecular pathways governing intercellular communication. Larazotide's biochemical properties have positioned it as a critical reagent for research focused on understanding and manipulating the structure and function of tight junctions in various biological systems.
Barrier function research: Larazotide is widely utilized in studies exploring the regulation and maintenance of epithelial and endothelial barrier integrity. By modulating tight junction assembly and disassembly, it enables researchers to experimentally alter paracellular permeability in cell culture and tissue models. This facilitates detailed investigation into the molecular mechanisms that govern barrier function, allowing for the assessment of how environmental, genetic, or pharmacological factors influence cellular junctions. Its application in such studies provides insights into the dynamic processes that control tissue homeostasis and the pathological breakdown of barriers in disease models.
Inflammation and permeability assays: The peptide serves as a practical tool in assays designed to assess inflammation-induced changes in epithelial permeability. By introducing Larazotide into in vitro models, researchers can simulate or counteract the disruption of tight junctions often observed during inflammatory responses. This approach is instrumental for elucidating the signaling pathways and molecular mediators involved in barrier dysfunction, supporting the development of new strategies to study inflammatory cascades and their impact on tissue permeability.
Peptide structure-activity relationship studies: As a well-characterized tight junction modulator, Larazotide is frequently employed in structure-activity relationship (SAR) analyses of peptide-based agents. Its defined sequence and mechanism of action make it an ideal reference compound for evaluating modifications in peptide structure that influence biological activity at cell junctions. Such studies contribute to the rational design of new peptides with tailored properties for modulating barrier function, advancing the field of peptide engineering and functional peptide research.
High-throughput screening: Researchers leverage Larazotide in high-throughput screening platforms aimed at identifying compounds that affect tight junction dynamics. Its reproducible activity and well-understood mode of action provide a benchmark for evaluating the efficacy of novel molecules or biologics in modulating epithelial permeability. This application is particularly valuable for pharmaceutical and biotechnology groups seeking to discover new modulators of paracellular transport or to better understand the cellular machinery underlying barrier regulation.
Cell signaling pathway analysis: The compound is also employed in studies dissecting the intracellular signaling events that regulate tight junction assembly and maintenance. By selectively altering the permeability of epithelial monolayers, Larazotide allows for the controlled investigation of downstream signaling cascades, such as those involving protein kinase C, Rho GTPases, or other junction-associated proteins. This enables a deeper understanding of how external stimuli or genetic modifications translate into changes in barrier function, supporting both basic research and the development of new investigative tools in cell biology.
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