PGLa is an antimicrobial peptide. PGLa is known to be bacteriostatic against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
CAT No: R1613
CAS No:102068-15-5
Synonyms/Alias:PGLA;102068-15-5;Gla peptide;Pgl(a);Peptide-gly-leu-amide;(4-24)-Ply(a);Pyl(a), 4-24-;Gly-Met-Ala-Ser-Lys-Ala-Gly-Ala-Ile-Ala-Gly-Lys-Ile-Ala-Lys-Val-Ala-Leu-Lys-Ala-Leu-NH2;L-Leucinamide, glycyl-L-methionyl-L-alanyl-L-seryl-L-lysyl-L-alanylglylcyl-L-alanyl-L-isoleucyl-L-alanylglycyl-L-lysyl-L-isoleucyl-L-alanyl-L-lysyl-L-valyl-L-alanyl-L-leucyl-L-lysyl-L-alanyl-;GMASKAGAIAGKIAKVALKAL-NH2;CHEMBL1240715;AKOS024259107;FP73572;L-Leucinamide,glycyl-L-methionyl-L-alanyl-L-seryl-L-lysyl-L-alanylglycyl-L-alanyl-L-isoleucyl-L-alanylglycyl-L-lysyl-L-isoleucyl-L-alanyl-L-lysyl-L-valyl-L-alanyl-L-leucyl-L-lysyl-L-alanyl-;
PGLa is a well-characterized antimicrobial peptide originally isolated from the skin of the African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis. As a member of the magainin family, PGLa is distinguished by its amphipathic alpha-helical structure and its potent ability to interact with and disrupt lipid membranes. Its unique sequence and structural properties have made it a valuable model system for studying peptide-membrane interactions, innate immune mechanisms, and the design of synthetic analogs with tailored biological activity. The peptide's versatility and relevance span a range of biochemical, biophysical, and molecular biology research fields, where it serves as both a functional tool and a subject of mechanistic investigation.
Antimicrobial mechanism studies: PGLa is widely utilized in research focused on elucidating the molecular basis of antimicrobial activity in host defense peptides. Its ability to permeabilize bacterial membranes through pore formation or membrane thinning provides a robust model for investigating the structural determinants of peptide-induced membrane disruption. Researchers employ it in comparative studies to delineate the contributions of sequence, charge, and amphipathicity to antimicrobial efficacy, thereby advancing the understanding of innate immune defense strategies in vertebrates.
Membrane biophysics and peptide-lipid interactions: The peptide serves as a prototypical system in the exploration of membrane biophysics, particularly in studies examining the dynamics of peptide-lipid interactions. Its well-defined alpha-helical conformation and amphipathic character enable detailed analysis using techniques such as solid-state NMR, fluorescence spectroscopy, and molecular dynamics simulations. Through these approaches, PGLa facilitates the investigation of peptide insertion, orientation, and aggregation within model lipid bilayers, contributing to fundamental insights into membrane structure and function.
Peptide engineering and design: PGLa provides a valuable template for the rational design and optimization of novel antimicrobial peptides with enhanced activity or selectivity. By introducing targeted modifications to its sequence, researchers can systematically assess the impact of structural changes on biological function, stability, and specificity. This application supports the development of next-generation peptides for research into microbial resistance mechanisms, as well as the creation of molecular tools for probing biological membranes.
Synergy and combinatorial studies: The peptide is frequently employed in synergy studies, particularly in combination with other antimicrobial peptides such as magainin 2. These combinatorial approaches allow researchers to investigate cooperative mechanisms of membrane disruption, peptide-peptide interactions, and the modulation of antimicrobial potency. Such studies contribute to a deeper understanding of the complexity of innate immune responses and inform the design of multi-component peptide systems with tailored functional properties.
Biophysical assay development: PGLa is instrumental in the development and validation of biophysical assays aimed at characterizing peptide-membrane interactions, membrane permeabilization, and peptide aggregation. Its well-documented activity and reproducible behavior make it an ideal positive control or benchmarking standard in various experimental platforms, including vesicle leakage assays, surface plasmon resonance, and calorimetric measurements. These applications support high-quality, reproducible research in the fields of membrane biology, peptide chemistry, and antimicrobial mechanism elucidation.
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