Porcine dynorphin A (1-13) is a potent, endogenous κ opioid receptor agonist and is antinociceptive at physiological concentrations.
CAT No: R1624
CAS No:72957-38-1
Synonyms/Alias:Dynorphin A (1-13);72957-38-1;Porcine dynorphin A(1-13);Dynorphin 1-13;dynorphin A 1-13;Dynorphin A (1-13) H-Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu-Arg-Arg-Ile-Arg-Pro-Lys-Leu-Lys-OH;CHEMBL405618;dynorphin A(1-13);VFC23V742Z;Dinorphin A (1-13);dynorphin A-(1-13);dynorphin (1-13);BDBM50241435;Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu-Arg-Arg-Ile-Arg-Pro-Lys-Leu-Lys;UNII-VFC23V742Z;Dynorphin A (1-13), porcine;Dynorphin A1-13;MFCD00076366;YGGFLRRIRPKLK;YGGFLRRXRPKLK;Dynorphin-(1-13);PorcinedynorphinA(1-13);Porcine dynorphin A 1-13;1-13-Dynorphin A (swine);DYNORPHIN(1-13)-OH;GTPL1619;DYNORPHIN 1-13 [MI];DYN A(1-13)-OH;DYNORPHIN A 1-13 HUMAN;BDBM214798;BDBM224024;1-13-DYNORPHIN A (PIG);EX-A8104;AKOS040763911;NCGC00163681-01;NCGC00163681-02;AS-76942;DA-52752;FD108725;Dynorphin A (porcine 1-13) - acetate salt;F85440;Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu-Arg-Arg-Ile-Arg-Pro-Lys-Leu-Lys(Dynorphin A(1-13)amide);H-Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu-Arg-Arg-Ile-Arg-Pro-Lys-Leu-Lys-OH; H-YGGFLRRIRPKLK-OH; Dynorphin A (1-13);L-Lysine, L-tyrosylglycylglycyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-leucyl-L-arginyl-L-arginyl-L-isoleucyl-L-arginyl-L-prolyl-L-lysyl-L-leucyl-;
Porcine dynorphin A(1-13) is a synthetic peptide fragment derived from the endogenous opioid peptide dynorphin A, originally isolated from porcine sources. This peptide consists of the N-terminal 13 amino acids of the full-length dynorphin A sequence, a region recognized for its potent interaction with kappa-opioid receptors (KORs) and involvement in modulating pain signaling, stress response, and neurochemical pathways. As a research tool, porcine dynorphin A(1-13) is valued for its ability to mimic the biological activity of native dynorphins, enabling the study of opioid receptor selectivity, neuropeptide signaling, and peptide-receptor interactions in various experimental systems. Its well-characterized structure and functional relevance make it a key reagent in neurobiological and pharmacological research focused on the opioid system.
Receptor Pharmacology: Porcine dynorphin A(1-13) is widely used in receptor binding and functional assays to investigate the pharmacological properties of kappa-opioid receptors. By serving as a selective agonist, it allows researchers to delineate the binding affinity, efficacy, and downstream signaling pathways associated with KOR activation. Such studies are instrumental in elucidating the molecular basis of opioid receptor subtype selectivity and in characterizing the physiological roles of dynorphin peptides in the central nervous system.
Neurochemical Pathway Analysis: The peptide is instrumental in dissecting the mechanisms underlying endogenous opioid modulation of neurotransmitter systems. Experimental application in brain slice preparations, cell cultures, or in vivo models enables the assessment of its effects on neurotransmitter release, synaptic plasticity, and neurochemical homeostasis. Through these investigations, scientists gain insights into the regulatory functions of dynorphinergic signaling in processes such as pain perception, stress adaptation, and emotional regulation.
Peptide Structure-Activity Relationship Studies: Porcine dynorphin A(1-13) serves as a critical reference molecule in structure-activity relationship (SAR) analyses of opioid peptides. Researchers utilize it to compare the biological activity of modified analogs, truncated fragments, or non-natural derivatives, thereby mapping the structural determinants responsible for receptor binding and functional potency. These SAR studies are fundamental for the rational design of novel peptide ligands with tailored pharmacological profiles.
Peptide Synthesis and Analytical Method Development: The well-defined sequence and physicochemical properties of dynorphin A(1-13) make it a valuable standard in the optimization of solid-phase peptide synthesis protocols and in the validation of analytical techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry. Its use as a reference peptide supports quality control, method calibration, and the benchmarking of synthetic strategies in peptide chemistry laboratories.
Neuropharmacological Model Systems: The application of porcine dynorphin A(1-13) extends to the development and validation of in vitro and ex vivo models for studying opioid peptide function. By employing this peptide in neuronal culture systems, brain tissue assays, or receptor-transfected cell lines, researchers can model the physiological and pharmacological effects of endogenous dynorphins, facilitating the exploration of opioid-related neuroadaptations and potential mechanisms of dysregulation in neuropathological conditions.
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