AIM2 is a peptide fragment associated with a DNA-binding immune sensor, enabling exploration of interaction motifs and folding behavior. The sequence helps examine conformational states governing recognition of nucleic-acid complexes. Researchers apply it in structural immunology and biochemical pathway analysis.
CAT No: ta-309
AIM2 (Absent in Melanoma 2) is a cytosolic DNA sensor protein that plays a pivotal role in the innate immune response by recognizing double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) in the cytoplasm. As a member of the HIN-200 protein family, AIM2 is characterized by its ability to bind DNA and activate the inflammasome pathway, leading to the maturation and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-18. Its function is central to the study of host-pathogen interactions, sterile inflammation, and the molecular mechanisms underlying immune surveillance. AIM2's unique DNA-binding and signaling properties have made it a focus of research in immunology, cell biology, and molecular pathology.
Inflammasome research: AIM2 is widely utilized in studies investigating the formation and activation of the inflammasome complex. Researchers employ recombinant AIM2 protein or expression constructs to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which cytosolic dsDNA triggers inflammasome assembly. Detailed characterization of its interaction with ASC (apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD) and caspase-1 provides critical insights into the pathways leading to pyroptosis and cytokine maturation. These studies are foundational for understanding innate immune signaling and the cellular response to pathogenic DNA.
Host-pathogen interaction studies: The protein serves as a crucial tool for dissecting how cells detect and respond to microbial invasion. By using AIM2 in cell-based assays or genetic manipulation models, scientists can delineate the role of DNA sensing in recognizing bacterial, viral, or parasitic pathogens. Such research is essential for unraveling the strategies employed by pathogens to evade immune detection and for identifying new targets for antimicrobial intervention.
Sterile inflammation modeling: AIM2 is instrumental in experimental systems designed to study non-infectious inflammatory processes, such as those triggered by endogenous DNA from damaged or dying cells. Its involvement in sensing self-DNA and mediating subsequent inflammatory responses is key to exploring the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, autoinflammatory syndromes, and tissue injury. Utilizing AIM2 allows for precise modeling of DNA-driven sterile inflammation in both in vitro and in vivo settings.
Cancer immunology: The protein is increasingly recognized for its relevance in tumor immunity and the regulation of the tumor microenvironment. Studies leveraging AIM2 expression or inhibition in cancer cell lines and animal models are shedding light on its role in modulating immune surveillance, tumor progression, and the inflammatory milieu within tumors. These investigations contribute to a deeper understanding of the interplay between innate immunity and cancer development.
Molecular signaling pathway analysis: AIM2 is frequently applied in research aimed at mapping the downstream signaling events following cytosolic DNA recognition. Through biochemical assays, protein interaction studies, and genetic perturbation, scientists can delineate the cascade of molecular events initiated by AIM2 activation. These analyses are vital for identifying novel regulatory nodes within the inflammasome pathway and for developing targeted approaches to modulate immune responses in diverse biological contexts.
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