(Arg)9 is a cell-penetrating peptide made up of 9 arginine residues.
CAT No: 10-101-246
CAS No:143413-47-2
Synonyms/Alias:Nona-arginine;143413-47-2;(Arg)9;Nona-l-arginine;rrrrrrrrr;nona-d-arginine;Nonaarginine;Nona-L-arginine;Peptide R9;LT-1951;UNII-PK7O6W0U44;Arg(9) peptide;PK7O6W0U44;CHEMBL4090674;SCHEMBL25641676;AKOS040740966;DB12648;L-Arginine, L-arginyl-L-arginyl-L-arginyl-L-arginyl-L-arginyl-L-arginyl-L-arginyl-L-arginyl-;DA-69121;FA109774;Q27286595;H-Arg-Arg-Arg-Arg-Arg-Arg-Arg-Arg-Arg-OH trifluoroacetate salt;143413-47-2, Arg(9) peptide, nona-D-arginine, nona-L-arginine, nonaarginine;L-Arginine,L-arginyl-L-arginyl-L-arginyl-L-arginyl-L-arginyl-L-arginyl-L-arginyl-L-arginyl-;
Chemical Name:(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-amino-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoyl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoyl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoyl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoyl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoyl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoyl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoyl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoyl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoic acid
(Arg)9, also known as nona-arginine or polyarginine-9, is a synthetic peptide composed of nine consecutive L-arginine residues. As a cationic homopolymer, it is recognized for its strong positive charge and remarkable cell-penetrating properties. (Arg)9 has become a valuable molecular tool in biochemical and cellular research, particularly in the context of intracellular delivery and peptide functionalization studies. Its unique physicochemical characteristics enable it to interact with cellular membranes, facilitating the transport of various biomolecules into cells and supporting a wide range of experimental applications in molecular biology, drug discovery, and peptide engineering.
Cell-Penetrating Peptide Research: Nona-arginine serves as a prototypical cell-penetrating peptide (CPP), widely utilized in studies aimed at elucidating the mechanisms of cellular uptake and membrane translocation. Its ability to traverse biological membranes without the need for membrane disruption makes it a model system for investigating endocytosis, direct translocation, and other internalization pathways. Researchers employ (Arg)9 to dissect the interactions between cationic peptides and anionic cellular surfaces, providing insights into the physicochemical determinants of peptide-mediated delivery.
Intracellular Delivery Vehicle: The strong cationic charge and high water solubility of (Arg)9 enable it to function as an effective carrier for intracellular transport of a variety of cargoes, including nucleic acids, proteins, and small molecules. By conjugating nona-arginine to these biomolecules, researchers can enhance cellular uptake and improve the efficiency of experimental delivery systems. This application is especially relevant in the development of non-viral gene delivery methods, protein transduction assays, and the optimization of delivery strategies for functional genomics studies.
Peptide Functionalization and Conjugation: Owing to its modular structure, (Arg)9 is frequently used as a functional tag in peptide synthesis and bioconjugation protocols. Incorporation of the nona-arginine sequence into synthetic peptides or protein constructs can impart cell-penetrating capabilities, enabling the engineered molecules to access intracellular targets. This property is leveraged in the design of peptide therapeutics, imaging agents, and biosensors where efficient cellular entry is desired for experimental readouts or mechanistic investigations.
Membrane Interaction Studies: The interaction of polyarginine sequences with lipid bilayers makes (Arg)9 a valuable tool for probing membrane biophysics and peptide-lipid interactions. Researchers utilize it to model the effects of cationic peptides on membrane integrity, permeability, and dynamics. Such studies contribute to a deeper understanding of the fundamental processes governing peptide-membrane association and inform the rational design of next-generation delivery vectors or antimicrobial peptides.
Proteomics and Analytical Applications: In proteomic workflows, nona-arginine can be employed as a solubilizing agent or affinity tag to facilitate the analysis of challenging protein samples. Its strong basicity and hydrophilicity can improve the solubility and recovery of proteins during sample preparation, while its distinctive sequence can be exploited for selective enrichment or detection in complex mixtures. These attributes make it a useful adjunct in mass spectrometry-based analyses and other advanced biochemical assays where sample handling and sensitivity are critical factors.
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