Dipeptide diaminobutyroyl benzylamide diacetate is a tripeptide (a three amino acid peptide) with molecular weight less than 500 Da, meaning that it's small enough to penetrate nicely and easily into the skin.

1. Oleic acid and glucose regulate glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor expression in a rat pancreatic ductal cell line

2. Glucagonlike peptide 2 analogue teduglutide: stimulation of proliferation but reduction of differentiation in human Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells

3. Immune responses to peptides containing homocitrulline or citrulline in the DR4-transgenic mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis

4. GLP-1, exendin-4 and C-peptide regulate pancreatic islet microcirculation, insulin secretion and glucose tolerance in rats

5. SERS spectrum of the peptide thymosin‐β4 obtained with Ag nanorod substrate

Another peptide, unrelated to collagen synthesis and degradation, was formulated into the line treatment to target neuromuscular activity. Dipeptide diaminobutyroyl benzylamide diacetate was developed to mimic Waglerin-1, a compound found in temple viper snake venom. Waglerin-1 has been shown to block the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction, thus inhibiting muscular movement. The function of the Wagerlin-1-mimicking peptide is important for the treatment of lines since facial areas associated with repeated muscle movement are especially susceptible to wrinkle formation.

Trookman, N. S., Rizer, R. L., Ford, R., Ho, E., & Gotz, V. (2009). Immediate and long-term clinical benefits of a topical treatment for facial lines and wrinkles. The Journal of clinical and aesthetic dermatology, 2(3), 38.